The morphological and anatomical characters of leaf at seedling stage of 8 sugarcane genotypes were studied. The results showed that the correlation coefficients (0.61 and 0.72) among leaf width, leaf length and vein's number were positive in very significant level. There was an extremely significant negative correlation coefficient (-0.85) between leaf width and average vein width (AVW). The correlation among the first three characters mentioned above and cane juice sugar was negative. The cane yield was negatively correlated with leaf width and vein number and positively correlated with leaf length and AVW, respectively. The path analysis showed that the leaf length directly contributed 0 559 4 value to the cane juice sugar and 0.577 1 value to the cane yield, and the leaf width directly contributed 0.475 1 value to the cane juice sugar and -0.247 5 value to the cane yield. The vein's number had negative contributions to the both cane yield and juice sugar. The results showed that the characters of seedlings, which were more narrow leaf, lower vein's number, can be used as indirect selection indices for higher yield and higher sugar content of cane.