The characteristics of Pinus kwangtungensis forest were investigated in Ruyang Forest District, Nanling. The results show that 227 species in 138 genera and 76 families of vascular plants were found in the 7 200 m^2 plot. The physiognomy of the community is dependent on meso-phanerophytes. It can be easily divided into arborous layer, shrub layer, herbaceous layer and interlayer plants. The ShannonWiener index of diversity, evenness index and ecological dominance of the community are 1.9,0.37, 0. 27, respectively. The index of arborous layer are higher than that of any other layers, which suggests that the species are abundant and distributed evenly in arborous layer. The conservation of Pinus kwang- tungensis in Ruyang Forest District owes to the particular terrain and relief, so in order to protect the rare and endangered plant Pinus kwangtungensis, the most important thing is to protect the habitat, taking necessary man-made measures if possible.