The starch gel, cellulose acetate membrane and polyacrylamide gei electrophoresis were adopted to determine the six blood protein polymorphism loci of Hainan, Leizhou and Longjin yellow cattle reported in this paper, from which the phenotypes and gene frequencies of Hb, Mb, Pa, Tf, Ptf and Akp in each breed were obtained. Standard genetic distances between three breeds and ether yeljow cattle in our country were calculated. The three dimensional space distributions were drawn by principal coordinate analysis (PCA) . The results showed that the yellow cattle in South China was different from that in North and Central China. In addition , the authors believed that the yellow cattle in South China originated from native Bos primigenius and Bos indicus with infiltration from some other yellow cattle breed blood.