Photosynthate translocation and distribution of rice variety Yuexianzhan with high harvest index was studied by 14 C-glucose .The results showed that total 14 C-glucose export rate was 71.02% during grain growth and was obviously higher than the check rice varieties. Lots of 14 C-glucose were transported to panicle and panicle base, little to leaf and stem. The absolute volume of 14 C-glucose which filled grain was high. The ability of accumulating carbohydrate was stronger in the spike. The characters of photosynthate translocation to spike were rapid flow and large volume. The cross section of plant tissue showed that Yuexianzhan variety had less numbers of large vascular bundles, well-developed phloem and more numbers of sieve tubes.