species (including subspecies and varieties) belonging to 367 genera and 127 families have been found in Neilingding National Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province (NNNRG), China, and other 50 species belonging to 32 genera and 21 families are cultured plants. Among them, two species are new to China, 11 species are new record to Guangdong province, 3 species are the state rare and endangered plants species. Based on analysis of the various economic plants from NNNRG, there are 66 timber plant species,405 medicinal ones, more than 60 wild fruits, 26 starch plant species, 55 oil plant ones, more than 40 aromatic ones, 80 poisonous ones, 31 tannic ones, 79 fiber ones, more than 40 ornamental or afforestational ones, and more than 200 plant species of food resources for Macaca mulatta.