The preliminary results on genetic diversity of Tsoongiodendron odorum at three sites of southern China were described. Eighteen 10 mer primers selected from 108 were applied for RAPD analysis. Seventy-eight genes were obtained from 42 leaf samples from the three populations, 66 of them (84.62% of total genes) were polymorphic. The result of cluster analysis showed that the population of Nankunshan of Guangdong province had the highest genetic diversity (3.074), the second was Jingxi of Guangxi province(2.389), the least was Duheng of Guangdong province (2 195). The similarity index between Nankunshan and Duheng in Guangdong province was the highest (0.832), that of Jingxi and Duheng was 0 772, and the similarty index between Jingxi and Nankunshan was 0 768.