Nine oleaginous moulds and four oleaginous yeasts were isolated from 30 soil samples by using Sudan Black B staining and methanol-chloroform extraction. These oleaginous microorganisms were identified by 5.8S rDNA sequence analysis. Nine oleaginous moulds were assigned to Talaromyces trachyspermus,Penicillium pinophillum,Pe. sp.,Pe. janthinellum,Paecilomyces lilacinus,Pe. simplicissimum,Aspergillus aculeatus,Trichoderma sp. and Tr. koningiopsis.Four oleaginous yeasts were Pichia caribbica,Candida sp.,Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Pi. guilliermondii.The lipid yields of the oleaginous microorganisms were tested by cultivation in shake flasks. The highest lipid yield was up to 26.4% by P. pinophillum among 9 oleaginous moulds and 44% by Candida sp. among 4 oleaginous yeasts. The lipid extracted from Candida sp. was mainly composed of 14~20 short chain fatty acids by GC-MS analysis.