Taking the Guangming New District in Shenzhen City as the study area, the spatial and temporal evolution of soil fertility properties were studied through principal component analysis of seven major indicators. The results showed that the main limiting factors of soil fertility had been changed into high bulk density and lack of nitrogen in 2011’s from low available phosphorus and potassium in 1984’s after 28 years’ evolution, but there were no significant differences in soil comprehensive fertility for the prominent fertility factors and limiting factors in the two periods were canceled out. Significant differences of soil integrated fertility and main limiting factors were observed in different areas, which could be caused by various planting models and different fertilization habits.