Weed control is an important issue that must be faced in agricultural production. With the integration of robotics and automation technology into agricultural production, various weeding robots emerge as the times require, effectively reducing the pollution of chemicals to the environment. In this paper, the research status of intelligent sensing technology, robot platform and weeding device of weeding robot are reviewed, and the shortcomings of crop row and weed identification technology, structure of weeding robot platform and intelligent control method of mechanical weeding device are analyzed. The future development trend of intelligent weeding robot is prospected from four aspects of intelligent perception, precise weeding, efficient operation and intelligent management.