Liu Shu-chi Yin Xikuan Zeng Weiqi Tan Xiufang Deng Jiayou Cheng Hong Lu Fa-Xi
1988(1).
Abstract:The paper deals with the developmental characteristics and classification of two types of paddy soils originated from basalt-derived latosol and coastal marsh respectively in Guangdong province. The research results indicated: The H/F ratio in soil humus tended to increase with the prolongation of submer-gence; the soil characteristics changed in different ways in the developmental process of latosol and coastal marsh to paddy soils; the differences between the soils with different origins were significant in terms of pH value, CEC, ferruginous crystal and ratio of ferruginous crystal and colloid, which reflected the strong influence of original soils. But the differences of characteristics between the soils with same origin but different water regimes were not significant; paddy soil should be an independent soil group, and the distinction of its developmental characteristics and its classification could be based on the soil profile morphology, ratio of ferruginous crystal and colloid, ratio of H/F in humus, pH, total base content, base saturati n etc; the tested soils could be classified into two sub-groups, i. e. lateritic paddy soil and coastal marshy paddy soil. The sub-groups could be further divided into different families according to their water regimes (submergic, periodically waterlogged, gleyed, degleyed etc) .
1988(1).
Abstract:This experiment was to assay the proper reaction of citrus perozidase in the ezocarp of Tankan mandarin (Citus reticulata cv. tankan Hayata) , the proportion of the bound enzyme to the soluble enzyme as well as the distribution of citrus peroxidase in the fruit were also investigated. Samples for this experiment were taken from the flavedo (the colored portion of the exocarp) to test the peroxidase of citrus fruits. A comparisom was made to determine the soluble peroxidase activity among five varieties of citrus fruits growing in Guangdong. The results showed that the correlation between peroxidase activity and storage life of fruits was negative. Tankan mandarin was known as an endemic variety growing in Swatow, Guangdong, because it was a natural hybrid between tangerine and Sweet orange. As shown by the isoenzyme patterns, Tankan, Ponkan and Anliu Sweet Orange, all these three varieties were considered to have cartain filial affinity. Also the relationship between the distribhutiong of peroxidase in the citrus fruits and the fruit juise quality during processing was discussed particularly.
1988(1).
Abstract:The evolutionary changes in yield and related characters of rice cultivars grown in the South-China region since 1950's were studied. 16 cultivars in early season and 17 in late season, representative of current and proceeded ones were planted in 1985, and were evoluated for grain yield and relatad morphological characters. It was shown by the SSR result that yield of rice in the South-China region were substantially increased over the last thirty years but no significant difference in yield among the current cultivars.In early ricet the yield components were developed from the panicle-weight type of the tall stature to the panicle-number type of the short stature in early 1960's, and to the impoved penicle-weight type of the current semi-dwarf cultivars. The cultivars with weighty panicles and more panicle numbers had been developed in late rice. There was no much impovement in weight of grain and fuil-grain percentage of the current cultivars both in the early and late rice The semi-dwarf cultivars with thicker base internodes and wall of stem were developed in early rice.Except the hybrid rice, the leaves size in canopy of the current cultivars were smaller and eracter in early rice but greater and eracter in late rice than those of the proceeded ones.Results from present studies suggest that further yield advances could be attained by combining higher biological yield and higher harvest index, greater grain numbers per pancile, higher full-grain percentage and higher weight of grain in rice breedlig programmes.
1988(1).
Abstract:本文研究了荔枝蝽象(Tessarotoma papillosa Drury)在不同季节期间脂肪体酯酶活力及其超微结构的特点,并探讨了敌百虫对它们的影响。结果表明:1.碱性 磷酸酯酶在新羽化成虫中活力较高,为1.83微克分子/分钟,到越冬期最低,仅0.30微克分子/分钟,在生殖期活力为0.67微克分子/分钟。用敌百虫处理后对酶活力有诱导作用。2.酸性 磷酸酯酶的变化与碱性磷酸酯酶不同,从新羽化成虫经越冬到生殖期,酶活力从高逐渐降低,分别为5.7微克分子/分钟,5.47微克分子/分钟和4.8微克分子/分钟。敌百虫处理后其酶活力有所降低。3.羧酸酯酶的活力变化与碱性磷酸酯酶相似,新羽化成虫为1.48毫克分子/分钟,越冬虫为0.42毫克分子/分钟,生殖期为0.72毫克分子/分钟。敌百虫对此酶也有诱导作用。4.新羽化成虫的脂肪体亚细胞结构以液泡为主,越冬期以脂肪、精原颗粒为多,到生殖期线粒体、粗面内质网大量出现。未观察到敌百虫处理后的生理病变。本文还讨论了有关自然抗药性机理的一些问题。
1988(1).
Abstract:1973~1981年进行了一系列试验来研究处于低纬度的广东翁城(24°22'N)、始兴县(24°57'N)和广州(23°N)第四代三化螟幼虫光周期诱发滞育的效应。结果表明,光周期是诱发滞育的主导因子。在自然光温条件下,光周期短于13小时显著地诱发三化螟滞育,长于14小时则促进化蛹,属典型的长日长反应型。在25℃条件下,始兴县和广州种群的临界日长分别为13小时20分和13小时18分。幼虫对光周期反应起累积效应。在25℃,LD13.5:10.5、LD14:10、LD15:9和LD24:0条件下,其临界日数依次为18、14、13和10天。幼虫对光周期反应具后效作用,短光周期不能使接受过长光周期的非滞育幼虫倒逆。广东4~5世代区第4代三化螟发育分化而形成局部世代的原因得到科学的解释。
Xiang Meimei Chi Peikun Li Yongshun
1988(1).
Abstract:A new species Tubercularia paeonicola Xiang et Chi sp. nov. parasitic on Paeoniasuffruticosa collected from Gueiyan,Gueizhow has been identified. Tuberculariapaeonicola shows certain similarities to T.phyllophila Sydow but it differs fromthis species not only in pathogenicity but also in morphology. The new speciesis easily distinguished from the latter by its acrogenous, curved conidia andbigger sporodochia. T.paeonicola sp. nov. is the first record of a Tuberculariaparasitizing on the family Paeoniaceae.Latin and Chinese diagnoses for the new species are given.Type specimen of the new species is deposited in South China AgriculturalUniversity, Guangzhow, Guangdong, China.
1988(1).
Abstract:The prescent paper is a part result of taxonomic study of Chinese Euphor-biaceae and Loganiaceae plants. It includes ten items are annotated. There is one new combination is Drypetes sect. putranjiva(Wall.)P. T.Li, the two new records of distribution in China are Aporusa planchoniana Baill. ex Muell. Arg. and Mitreola reticulata Tirel-Roudet, the one new nomenclature is Glochidion sect. Multandrum P. T. Li, and five new synonyms: Flueggea monticola Webster is reduced to F. virosa(Roxb. ex Willd.)Voigt, Strychnos yuunanensis S. Y. Pao to S. nitida G. Don, Buddleja minima S. Y. Bao to B. alternifolia Maxim, B. sessilifolia B. S. Sun ex S. Y. Pao to B. colvilei Hook. f., B. latiflora S. Y. Pao to B. taliensis W. W. Smith. All the types are Kept in Herb. SCBI and PE.
1988(1).
Abstract:The resistance of slash pine to brown spot needle blight (Lecanosticta acicola) rose gradually as the age of slash pine increased.The needles became blight most frequently in the seedling stage. The resistance of seedlings could be improved by applying fertilizers and selecting vigorous seedlngs.The resistance of scion which were taken from hightly resistant, moderalely res-istant,and susceplible individual trees was identified by means of natural inoculation. The results indicated that the differential resistance of the individual trees to L. acicola was significant. This kind of resistanle was rather stable, but could be affected by the resestance of the stock.As for mechanisms of resistance, experiments showed that there was a relationship between the buffering capacity of the needle extracts and the numbers of spots on the needles of slash pine. The extracts from the susceptible plants promoted the sporulation of the pathosen more significanty than those from the hightly resistant ones.
Chen Jianchao Zheng Fenglan Zhang Guangyan
1988(1).
Abstract:Pinus massoniana Lamb. grown in Gaozhou, Guangdong Province is divided into three forms because of the bark of the tree thicker or thinner, the resin production higher or lower and the extending condition of branches, i. e., the black scale bark pine, the yellow scale bark pine and the weeping branch pine. It was undertaken to study and compare the wood properties of the three forms of masson pine in this paper to find out their differences and qualities rf anatomy and physical mechanical properties. The results show that the black scale bark pine has the darker bark, higher rate of late wood, longer tracheid length and much more resin canal, the yellow scale bark pine has the thicker tracheid cell wall and higher strength properties) the weeping branch pine has the lower figure in all properties except the ring width. But according to the tests of analysis of variances there are no certain differences occurred in wood anatomy and physico-mechanical properties among the three forms of masson pine. However, there are differences or significant differences occurred in wood properties in the single trees. It is advised that, when we select the fine varieties from masson pine, don't make a choice among the forms but should select from the single trees which have the good qualities.
Han Huizhen He Yuankang Xu Xue-Bin
1988(1).
Abstract:Process of peanut inflorence primordium development has been observed with scannidg microscopy and plastic thin section microscopy. It includes that an observation cf the first inflorencence primordium development during embryo formation, the first flower primordium differentiation during seed germination, and the morphogenesis of every component of a flower while young seedling grews up. A few discoveries have been obtained, i. e., inflorencence bract and shoot scale having different morphogenesis origination should not be obscured, the inflorencence type of peanut belongs to spike inflorencence not racemose, and the socalled calyx tube is made up of calyces, petals and filoments but not modified calyx. Therefor the tube-like thing should be named flower tube in lien of calyxtube.
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