• Issue 4,1988 Table of Contents
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    • ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INDICATOR SYSTEM FOR ASSESSMENT OF HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CHICKS

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1239) HTML (0) PDF 435.29 K (1307) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:In the present study, red blood cells from each of the following species,rabbit,goat, sheep, cattle, swine, goose and duck were used as antigen to immunizechicks, and the humoral immune response determined by a direct micro-haemag-glutination test.Goose red blood cells(GRBC) elicited antibodies which gave aclear-cut and strong antibody reaction, and thus was chosen as the indicatorsystem.Chicks were inoculated with GRBC at 7 and 14 days of age respectively toassess the immunological responsiveness of the birds exposed at the age of oneday to (1) infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus and vaccine, (2) Marek'sdisease (MD) virus, and (8) Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) vaccine.The results showed that the IBD-PBG98 strain produced no immunosuppression,the IBD-virulent strain led to serious immunodepressive effect. The MD virusand HVT vaccine significantly affected the production of haemagglutinatingantibodies in those birds which were injected with GRBC at 7 days of age.parallel histological examination of the bursa Pabricii revealed changes whichwere in agreement with the above observations. However, the neutralizingantibody titres to IBD virus did not show this correlation.This study demonstrated that the GRBC indicator system for evaluating humoralimmune response in chicks was simple, effective and easy to popularize.

    • A SURVEY OF TREMATODE PARASITES ( GENUS PROSTHOGONIMUS LOOSS,1899) FROM FOWLS IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1146) HTML (0) PDF 342.20 K (1689) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:作者从1984~1987年,进行广东省畜禽寄生虫区系调查时,发现家禽前殖吸虫11种。其中东方前殖吸虫Prosthogonimus orientalis、中华前殖吸虫P.sinensis、霍鲁前殖吸虫P.horiuchii三种为省内新记录;印度前殖吸虫P.indicus为国内新记录;广州前殖吸虫新种P.cantonensis sp。广州前殖吸虫新种主要特征为:角皮呈鳞片状突出并具有小刺;子宫高度盘卷但不充满体缘;卵黄腺前界始于卵巢前缘水平线,后界止于睾丸后方远;两肠支伸达体后端。

    • STUDIES ON THE TOXICOLOGY OF THE BIOACTIVE MATERIALS FROM TRIPTERYGIUM AGAINST THE IMPORTED CABBAGES WORM (PIERIS RAPAE L.)

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1230) HTML (0) PDF 749.61 K (1474) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:本试验研究了雷公藤属(Tripterygium)二种植物(雷公藤(T.wilfordii)及昆明山海棠,(T.hypoglaucum)的抽提物对青菜虫(Pieis rapae)的一些室内毒理效应及田间防治试验。结果表明,二种植物的抽提物对菜青虫具有拒食、毒杀,抑制生长发育等作用;处理后的幼虫大多数在体表出现黑斑,黑斑部分的表皮结构受到破坏;从昆明山海棠中抽提的一种纯生物碱——雷公藤次碱对菜青虫的体重和呼吸作用有严重的影响;同时,处理幼虫的脂肪体少且不饱满,消化道干瘪,中肠肠壁细胞和围食膜受到破坏。雷公藤根皮乙醇抽提物用于田间防治菜青虫效果良好。

    • THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BIOACTIVITY AND THE CONTENT OF TOOSENDANIN IN CHINABERRY

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1260) HTML (0) PDF 584.38 K (1270) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:The bioactivity of the samples of two species of chinaberry,Melia toosendan Sieb. et zucc. and M, azdarach L. collected from different parts of China was assayed with the larvae of imported cabbage worm (Pieris repae L.) .The relationship between the bioactivity and the content of toosendanin analysed by means of HPLC in the samples is discussed. Toosendanin was mainly found in the bark. None or very little toosendanin was found in the leaves and fruits, but they still showed some toxicity to the larvae. Some samples and crude products of toosendanin showed stronger bioactivity as compared with the results from samples containing the same amount of pure toosendanin. This indicates that other than the toosendanin, the constituents in the samples and crude products possess certain bioactivity and possibly some synergistic or antagonistic effects with toosendanin. The ecotypes of chinaberry from different parts of China with regard to their contents of toosendanin and bioactivity is also studied. The chinaberry from Sichuan Province and neighboring region was found to be particularly rich in toosendanin and actively to the insect tested and is worth further investigations. The results of our experiments indicate that an economic, effective and practic method of using the crude products of toosendanin for controlling the imported cabbage worm r.nd other insects is very promising.

    • A NONBIOLUMINESCENT BACTERIUM SYMBIOTICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE INSECT-PATHOGENIC NEMATODE HETERORHABDITIS SP.

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1311) HTML (0) PDF 401.43 K (1585) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:A nonbioluminescent bacterium symbiotically associated with the insect-pathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis spp. 86H1 was isolated in China. Both of two forms exhibited antibiotic activity, but only primary form enhanced nematode production. Using the EMB agar. the two forms were easily distinguished. According to its morphological, cultural, physiological, biochemical and serolo-gical characters, it was identified as Xenorhabdas luminescens. So the characterization of the species may need to be amended to allow for bioluminescense or not.

    • A NEW SPECIES OF GESNERIACEAE FROM GUANGDONG PROVINCE

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1078) HTML (0) PDF 152.84 K (1514) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:In the present paper a new tazon Titanotrichum parviflorum of Gesneriaceae from Guangdong was reported. It is closely affined to the species T. oldhamii Solereder. But it can be easily distiguished from the last one by its features of basal leaves, small flowers, separate anther and glabrous ovary.

    • SELECTION OF SPECIES AND PROVANCES OF EUCALYPTUS FOR RFSISTANCES TO BACTERIAL WILT

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1313) HTML (0) PDF 260.68 K (1483) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:根据病区调查和室内苗期人工接种试验结果,桉树(Eucalyptus)树种间和地理种源间对青枯病的抗性有显著差异。高抗树种有巨桉×尾叶桉、柳桉7451、柳桉7651、雷林一号桉(本地)、柠檬桉(龙门)和窿缘桉等,中抗树种有柳桉13341、杂种桉,小果灰桉、巨桉、柳桉13522,柠檬桉52号、赤桉12501、雷林一号桉(东圳)、柠檬桉(纪家)、柳桉13434和柳桉13334等,感病树种有刚果12号桉、尾叶桉和赤桉13923等。

    • A NEW SPECIES OF EREMOCHLOA BUESE (GRAMINEAE)

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1100) HTML (0) PDF 275.36 K (1820) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:The present paper is a report of a new species of Gramineae from Guangzhou, which is Eremochloa truncata W.C.Wu, sp. nov..

    • EFFCTS OF RARE REATHS ON PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN SUGAR CANE CHLOROPLASTS

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1187) HTML (0) PDF 329.84 K (1901) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:选用了三种稀土浓度对甘蔗三个不同品种进行了试验,在稀土浓度为100~200ppm范围内处理甘蔗离体叶绿体、其循环及非循环光合磷酸化活力均比对照高,其中品种342在400ppm浓度下仍未出现抑制现象。它能提高磷酸化的偶联程度、增加p/2e(或p/o)比值、促进质子吸收和提高ATP酶活性,表明稀土元素处理对光合能量转化有促进作用。

    • A STUDY ON THE PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION ENHANCING NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY OF LEGUMES (PAENFAL) EFFECT OF Sesbania Cannabina (Retz.) Pers.

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1221) HTML (0) PDF 421.44 K (1461) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Phosphate application in environment enhancing nodulation and nitrogen fixation of leguminous plant Sebania Cannabina (Retz.) pers. was not unlimited. It was inhibited by the available-P level in the environment.Related with the 'PAENFAL' effect of Sesbania Cannabina (Retz. ) Pers. , the critical available-p value (O.1 N HCL method) of lateritic red soil in plowed layer in the granitic area of Guangzhou was 25.6 ppm P. Also in nitrogen-free nutritional solution, ( 1 ) the critical phhosphorus concentration (mM P) were 0.78 and 0.48, and (2) the critical phosphorus content of plant (P%) were 0.213 and 0.157 separately in Autumn and Spring. These two critical values trended to be influenced by the seasonal chanbe The. significant decrease of fixed nitrongen by this plant was observed in the excessive-P solution. Significant promotion effect of increasing phosphorus supply on the nodulation, total dry weight of nodules and nitrogenase activity were obtained in low-P solution. This promotion effect was then leveled within a range of phosphorus supply. No harmful effect on nodulation was observed in the excessive-P supply but which inhibiting effect was appeared, not only on the total dry weight of nodules, but also on the nodule nitrogenase activity more seriously.

    • FACTORS AFFECTING THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IMAGE QUALITY OF BIOLOGICAL SPECIMEN

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1168) HTML (0) PDF 906.50 K (1539) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:To get an electron microscopy image of biological specimen with high resolution and contrast, in addition that the specimen should be well prepared, some factors are also important, such as the thickness of section, the alignment of electron microrscope, accelerating voltage, focusing and exposure time etc.The relationship of these factors and their influence on the image quality are disccussed in this paper.

    • THE QUANTITATIVE CHARACTER OF THE PARENTAL STOCK AND THE F_1 HYBRID AS WELL AS ITS HETEROSIS

      1988(4).

      Abstract (1108) HTML (0) PDF 412.76 K (1459) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:家蚕茧质性状的杂种优势,依杂交组合而有不同的表现,全茧最以中×日>中×中>日×日的组配方式,茧层量和茧层率以中×日>日×日>中×中。杂交亲本数量值的大小与F_1代产值多数无显著的相关性,但F_1代与雌亲的相关系数大于雄亲的相关,并多呈正相关关系。杂种优势与亲本值为负相关,以中×日组配方式最显著,中×中次之,日×日最少。根据杂种优势与F_1代产值存在显著的正相关,故可利用杂种优势来提高F_1代的产值。由本试验建立的Y=a+b_1x_1+b_2x_2等各种回归方程式,可供育种工作进行预测杂种一代产值和选择杂交亲本,提高育种效果的预见性和计划性。