Abstract:利用电脑设计与建立英语题库是实现标准化考试的有效手段之一,笔者大量收集了的听力,词汇,改错,阅读及写作等五个方面试题,利用IBM/P以C微机,通过数据库管理系统DBASEⅡ,进行编辑,比较,存储,检索,计算,打印及设计试卷,设计与建立了—个英语试题库,同时笔者利用设计出的试题进行了两次测试试验,从统计学的角度对分数分布,试题效度及信度3个标准进行检查,均达到指标要求。该试题库可试行用于农业院校硕士生通过试。

Abstract:In this paper,the life tables and the interference index of population control (IIPC) were used as the methods to evaluate the effectiveness of insecticides on the population dynamics of brown rice planthopper,Nilaparoata lugens The brown plantehopper,is an insect with high fecundity but with high vulnerability to natural enemies.The results showed that spraying an area with wide-spectrum insecticides,such as quinophos,interfered with the efficacy of the natural enemies markedly,giving an IIPC as high as 2.69.That is to say,the population size of the next generation will be increased to 2.69 times as against the original.At the same time,spraying with the highly selective insecticide buproferin,killed mainly the pest and favoured the effcacy of the natural enemies,giveing an IIPC as low as 0.37.That is the population size of the next generation will be decreased to 0.37 times as against the original.The interference index of population control showed a general effect on the pest insect,including side effects on its natural enemies.The highly selective insecticides are important in integrated pest management (IPM).

Abstract:本文报道了川檩素对菜青虫幼虫呼吸作用的影响及其它几种生理指标的测定结果,川楝素中毒的幼虫呼吸强度降低,呼吸商升高,呼吸节律完全失去控制而为直线型。结合幼虫血淋巴总量、比重、含糖量、pH值、蛋白含量及肠液pH值等生理指标测定结果,说明川楝素中毒的菜青虫幼虫的生理代谢受到干扰,体内进行不正常的生物氧化,且代谢水平降低.同时也证明对幼虫中枢神经有抑制作用。

Abstract:本文应用多年同次世代以作用因子组配的生命表对作用于褐稻虱自然种群的重要因子和关键因子进行分析,褐稻虱自然种群生命表采用庞雄飞等的方法组建。所组建的生命表把成虫逐日存活率(S_(?))和成虫逐日产卵概率(P_(?))乘积的总和组成的下代卵量概率(?)p_n(S_(?))~(?)作为其中一个组分。并以此扩充的Morris-Watt种群数学模型作为分析的基础。在历年的水稻品种抗虫性级别基本一致的情况下,下代卵量概率(?)p_n(S_(?))~(?)的复合参数和若虫期的“擒食与抗性”属于重要因子和关键因子,其中捕食性天敌起着重要的作用。

Abstract:用提纯的柑桔黄龙病病原(CYSO)免疫小鼠制备出抗体IgG,其浓度与2.7mg/ml,并证明它对CYSO具有特异性,效价测定结果:ELISA达1∶640,间接免疫荧光(IIF)达1∶1 000;斑点(?)联免疫技术(Dot-ELISA)达1∶1280;斑点免疫荧光技术(Dot-IF)达1∶1 280,检测纯化抗原(?)度,ELISA达1∶256;IIF达1∶4 096,Dot-ILISA达1∶8 192,Dot-IF达1∶32 768。ELISA只能用于检测典型的蕉柑和椪柑病材料,面IIF,dot-ILISA和Dot-IF还可用于甜橙的检测,用4种方法均不能检测出未显症材料的CYSO。

Abstract:采用链霉紊含量1000单位/ml、青霉素含量800单位/ml和放线菌酮含量15μg/ml的混合液作线虫的表面消毒剂,用无菌条件下生长在White培养基上的玉米、大豆、小麦和高梁4种植物的离体根均成功地培养了斯克里布纳短体线虫Ptatyleuchus sctibueri。在28℃和33℃下,培养效果均好。在28℃培养9周,P.sctibueri在玉米离体根上繁殖了8.4倍。通过根和培养基块移置都获得继代培养。培养的线虫具有正常的侵染能力。

Abstract:The nature of resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH),Niloparvata lugens(Stal) was studied in 12 rice varieties.The results indicated that 9 highly resistant varieties exhibited strong nonpreference and antibiosis,as demonstrated by the fact that the insects caged on the tested varieties had few numbers for shelter,high mortality,slow development,less honeydew excreted,and more feeding marks on the leaf sheath.In two moderately resistant varieties,'Fubaoai 21' exhibited certain degree of antibiosis and nonpreference,whereas 'Baoxuan 2' had only weak antibiosis.Some effects of environment conditions on resistance in the Sth leaf-stage rice seedlings were also studied.The results showed that the resistance was influenced by the light intensity and nitrogen fertilizer.Generally,the resistance was reduced and the dead speed of seedlings was accelerated with the decrease of light intensity and the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.A mutual cross-reaction relationship between light intensity and nitrogen fertilizer for resistance was demonstrated.The expression of nonpreference affected by light intensity exhibited different levels in various varieties.

Abstract:Process of peanut embryonic development,including zygotic development 3-6 days after fertilization was observed with plastic thin section microscopy and scanning electron microscopy in this study.The observed results showed that anther sacs of peanut bursted before the flower opened at 3-4 o' clock in the early morning,and possibly self-pollinated.About 20-21 hours after anther bunted,the egg cell was fertilized.Before peg penetrated into the soil,the development of zygote was rather slowly,however,the zygote developed into proembryo and grew up quickly after the peg entered the soil.Proembryo began differentiating about 15 days after an thesis,and the differentiation of embryo completed in 25-30 days later,in which 5-6 young leaves and the first inflorecence primordium were observed.Also,the development of apex seed was about one young leaf slower than that of base seed.

Abstract:By means of the systems approach,a simulation model was developed in this paper,which deecribas the effects of the population dynamics of the brown plant hopper (BPT) in paddy fields,the loam in rice yield caused by BPT,and the functional reaponse of the dwarf ipider ((?) (?)) to BPT on the (?) threchold of BPT.Data obtained from indoor or outdoor experiments were used to run the daily aimulations,and the results abowed that the economic threahold varied with the population levels of BPT and its age-structure,the growing stage of the rice plant,the rice yield,and the density of the dwarf spider.

Abstract:本文报道应用放射性核素铈(~(141)Ce)标记硝酸铈[~(141)Ce(NO_2)_2),利用ICP-AES法及植物生理生化分析技术,研究测定了稀土元素(REE)在甘蔗体内各器官的吸收、分配、残留累积和REE处理对甘蔗叶片细胞膜透性、伤流量,叶片自由水和束缚水含量以及游离脯氨酸含量等抗性生理指标的影响。甘蔗叶面喷施REE铈后的第1～7天,根、茎、叶器官吸收累积铈量是随着时间的增加而增加,第7天达吸收最大值,随后开始缓慢下降。甘蔗植株对REE铈的吸收率仅为0.836％～2.165％。REE铈在甘蔗叶片有较多的分配,其次为茎,最小为根部;REE在甘蔗叶片有较多的残留累积量,茎(甘蔗渣,下同)次之,根部又次之,蔗糖汁中最小,100～900ppm浓度范围的REE处理,甘蔗叶、茎、根及蔗糖汁中的REE残留累积量是随着REE处理浓度的增加而增加。当处理浓度在900ppm以上时(900～1 500ppm),REE在蔗糖汁中的残留量趋于平衡饱和状态。一定浓度的REE处理甘蔗可显著地提高甘蔗伤流量,降低甘蔗叶片细胞膜透性,减少叶片中自由水含量,提高束缚水和叶片游离脯氨酸含量,从而提高甘蔗的抗逆性能和单位面积产量。

Abstract:The growth and differentiation of the Callus of the Clove Gilly-flower were promoted when treated with laser beam.He-Ne laser(20 mw)made the callus grow rapidly and the fresh weight of callus tissue increased by 170% as compared with tfae control ,and the differentiation of bud was promoted remarkably after irradiation by Ar+laser (0.1w and 1w).Moreover,some special proteins emerged in calluses which were treated by laser beam.It seems that tfae promotion of the growth and differentiation of callus tissue are related to the appearance of certain proteins.

Abstract:The nutrient status of 11 upland latosol soil samples collected in Guangdong province was surveyed by Gss method originated from Dr.A.H.Hunter.The results indicated that the selected soils were quite deficient in N and P.Treatments of no N and P addition presented the decrease of sorghum seeding dry weight by about 50%.K addition showed marked effects on sorghum in the soils developped from granite.With the soils developped from other parent material,the treatmint of no K addition decreased the sorghum seedling dry weight by about 30% or less.On the soils with pH values lower than 5.0,lime was also an important limiting factor and had similar performance to N and P application on crops.As for Mg,it was generally an effective element,and able to increase the sorghum seedling dry weight by 16%~40%.S was not deficient in the selected soils,no significant effects of S addition were obtained.With regard to micronutrients,Cu should be taken into consideration.Significant effect of Cu addition was presented in 6 among 11 soil samples.No distinct effects of B,Moor Zn addition wo showed.As for Fe and Mn,the application of theirs did not show marked effects because they were sufficient in these soils.

Abstract:The present paper is a report of eight new species of bamboo from Guangdong,which are Bambusa crispiaurita,Lingnania transvenula,Sinocalamus concavus,S.suberosus,Drepanostachyum naibunensoides,Arundinaria acerba,A.rectirama and Indocalamus amplezicaulis.

Abstract:Multiple regression analysis was used to study the relationships between site index and site factors In the study area.The results showed that the main site factors were slope position,the depth of humus horizon,the depth of soil horizon and the elevation.The study area was classified into 2 site type districts,6 site type groups and 14 site types.The forecast equation for site index was derived to predict stand productivity of (?) lanceolata.This paper also evaluates the productivity of plantations of C.lanoeolata in different site units of the study area.

Abstract:The balance between the silkworm body-temperature and ambient temperature was studied by means of cultruing fifth instar larvae under varied temperatures.The body-temperature was higher than the ambient temperature under any cultural temperature which was below 30C and the lower the cultural temperature was,the larger the margin would be except that the margins would become smaller comtrarfly if the cultrual temperatrues were below 20C.On the other hand,the body-temperature was lower than the ambient temperature under any cultural temperature which was aboue 30C and the higher the cultureal temperature was,the larger the margin would be.Under all cultrual temperatures the margins became smaller with the development of the larvae.Therefore,it could be inferred that the silkworm had a certain ability for self-con troling of their body-temperature and possessed a thermoneutral point,about 30C in this study,and which should be suitable for their physiology.It should be taken as a important index in determining the proper cultural temperature for silkworms.

Abstract:In this study,it was discovered by means of various temperature treatments within the temp,range of effective development (7-40C) that the larvae,pupae and eggs of silkworm had their TRCD,which were 22~27C,22~27C and 23~27C respectively.TRCD maybe one of the intrinsic variety characteristics of the silkworm.Since it could not be described by former mathematical models,a study to design a new one will be necessary.

Abstract:In this paper,research on the analytic design method to hinged planar mechanisms is reported.Synthesis of path generator for prescribed points lying in a straight line was studied and the numeral result of a correlative example calculated.The tracer generated from the numeral result coincided well with the given line.The calculation method offered in this paper can be further applied to other planar linkage design.

Abstract:The resistance of Brassica chinensis to the turnip aphid was evaluated by using the seedling bulk screening test in the greenhouse and the field.Among the 19 varieties (lines) tested,Jinbianbai and Shanghaibai were resistant.When the aphids fed on these,they showed lower food uptake and fecundity,slower development,and smaller population growth as compared to when they fed on the susceptible varieties,indicating the presence of antibiotic factors.Also the aphid-resistant varieties exhibited resistance to the mosaic virus disease.

Abstract:Possibilistic linear regression analysis for fuzzy data originated from a fuzzy phenomenon was Introduced by Tanaka et at.In this paper,four types of possibilistic linear regression model are proposed to develop Tanaka' s models which are called the Min problem,the Max problem and the Conjunction problem.The method for obtaining the parameters of the models consists of two steps,(1) determine the mean valuta of the parameters by using a linear least squares approach so that the merit of the models is to be able to fit fuzzy observed values more realistically; (2) compute the spreads of the parameters by a linear least squares approach or by reducing the problem to a conventional linear programming as treated by Tanaka's techniques while mean values are determined.The advantage of these models is that they can not only fit the main ideas of the data but also retain the advantages of fuzzy interval analysis.The exixtence of the models' s solution and mutual relations In these models are discussed.To Illustrate the approach for dealing with fuzzy data,two numerical examples are shown finally.