Abstract:Basic on the technique of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy,the calibration models for quantitative analysis of Brix and reducing sugars in sugarcane juice were developed by using transmission mode and calibrating with partial least square (PLS) algorithm. The determination coefficients (R~2) of the predicted models for Brix and reducing sugars in juice were (0.999 0) and (0.995 3), respectively; the root mean square errors of cross validation were (0.115 0)% and (0.072 2)% for Brix and reducing sugars in juice, respectively. The predictive errors measured by FT-NIR methods were close to those by routine laboratory methods.

Abstract:The results of the study on soil microflora in sugarcane experiment field under different mulching conditions showed that different mulching conditions provided a special ecological environment for microbes and changed some physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. During the period of sugarcane growth, the quantities of aerobic bacterium, fungi and actinomyces, and the total number of microbes in the soil covered by sugarcane leaf and plastic film increased more obviously than that of the soil without mulch. The quantities of ammonifiers and nitrifiers in the nitrogen physiological group increased significantly. The number variation of acrobic nitrogen-fixing bacterium was not obvious while the number of anaerobic bacterium decreased obviously. Under the mulching conditions, the effect of sugarcane leaf mulch was much better.

Abstract:探讨了田间喷施萘乙酸(NAA)对3个荔枝品种果实大小的影响,并对NAA的作用进行了分析.研究结果表明,在果实发育期喷3次40mg·L-1的NAA可以显著提高'妃子笑'、'淮枝'和'糯米糍'3个荔枝品种全果、果皮和果肉的质量,但对种子质量和可食率无影响;与对照相比,'妃子笑'果皮、果肉和全果的质量分别提高了9 4%、9 8%和9 9%,'淮枝'则分别提高了19 6%、13 3%和22 1%,而'糯米糍'分别提高了19 1%、25 0%和18 5%.另外,NAA处理也显著提高了3个品种的坐果率.14C-蔗糖标记试验更直接表明,经NAA处理的果实争夺同化物的能力比对照增加了近3 7倍.由此推测,NAA增大荔枝果实的原因可能与其增加果实调运养分的能力有关.

Abstract:Two varieties of ball cactus (Melocactus and Notocactus) were grown in hydroponics with four nutrient solution formulae and in a peatmoss medium culture as control, respectively, to study the growth and the adaptability of ball cactuses in hydroponics. The results showed that both of the tested ball cactuses varieties could grow well in hydroponics, in which the growth rate was significantly higher than or equal to that in medium culture. Melocactus grew best in formula 2 with a little of NH~+_4-N, but Notocactus grew well in all of the tested formulae with or without NH~+_4-N, the higher content of NH~+_4-N in the nutrient solution might be harmful to the growth of Notocactus. The pH value of the nutrient solutions decreased after the NH~+_4-N was added. But the low pH value would not influence the growth of the ball cactuses. It implied the two varieties of ball cactuses were tolerant to low pH conditions.

Abstract:通过大田和室内试验，测定了2个品种的棉花冠层、完全展开倒3叶在不同时期的高光谱反射率及对应叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量，分析并证实了棉花导数光谱对消除土壤背景影响及寻找特征波长方面的作用．将导数光谱用于棉花农学参数的测定，发现棉花冠层和叶片光谱都存在红边位移现象，并且红边参数(红边位置、红边幅值、红边面积)与叶面积指数、鲜叶质量、干叶质量和叶绿素含量有显著相关，从而证明用棉花导数光谱测定它的某些农学参数的可行性．

Abstract:With 12 American LANDSAT TM images taken in Guangdong Province in late 1997 and early 1998 as information source and based on GIS, the present paper studied how well the TM spectrum values and their ratios could indicate the real conditions of the stands with the method of principal component analysis. Eight types of stands were analyzed, including mason pine, Chinese fir, eucalyptus, soft bark, sclerophyllous and other broadleaved stands, mixed coniferous stand and mixed coniferous-broadleaved stand. Results showed that the 4th principal component indicated the messages about mean tree height, mean diameter at breast height, age class and canopy closure, the first three principal components of most stands revealed spectrum values and their ratios, while the other principal components had different indications among the stands studied.

Abstract:Thirty six Phytophthora isolates were collected from invaded tissues of stems, leaves, coleoptiles, roots and fruits of citrus. Based on the morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics, 6 species of Phytophthora were isolated. Among them, 11 isolates in Phytophthora citrophthora , 9 isolates in P. nicotianae, 7 isolates in P. palmivora , 4 isolates in P. capsici , 4 isolates in P. drechsleri and 1 isolates in P. citricola were identified.

Abstract:以117个野生型菌株菌丝生长的毒力测定结果建立了芒果炭疽病菌Colletotrichumgloeosporioides对多菌灵的敏感性基线,其平均EC50为(0 0568±0 0018)μg/mL,最低抑制浓度为1 0μg/mL.1996～2000年监测了芒果炭疽病菌对多菌灵抗药性的发生情况,结果表明,芒果炭疽病菌群体中存在着对多菌灵抗性的群体,抗药菌株的频率为48 59%,其中高抗与中抗菌株比例分别为18 66%和18 00%,低抗与极高抗菌株比例分别为7 38%和4 56%,讨论了不同地区菌株抗性频率存在差异的可能原因.

Abstract:研究了H2O2光降解动力学机理及其降解液的毒性. 结果表明,光照对H2O2降解农药有显著影响,农药降解率随反应时间延长而增加. 有机磷农药的H2O2光催化降解符合零级反应动力学,其反应速率常数(k)随农药浓度的增加而增大,半衰期(t0.5)延长. 用生测法测定降解液残留物的毒性发现,H2O2光催化降解农药是降毒降解的. 10 μg/mL甲胺磷、10 μg/mL毒死蜱、100 μg/mL久效磷的H2O2光催化降解初始反应液处理家蚕Bombyx mori 2龄幼虫的24 h死亡率分别为60%、100%、100%,而12 h降解液的死亡率均小于5%. 黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata生物测定所得结果与家蚕结果一致.

Abstract:报道了水分对印楝素稳定性的影响.印楝甲醇抽提物和印楝素纯品试验表明:水分是促进印楝素降解的一个重要因素.当水与甲醇组成的混合溶剂中水的体积分数为1 8%、3 5%、5 2%、6 8%、8 3%时,在(54±1)℃保存14d后,印楝甲醇抽提物中的印楝素分别降解40 4%、45 4%、47 3%、50 1%、56 2%,大多高于对照(甲醇溶液)分解率(42 1%);印楝素纯品分别降解43 3%、47 2%、53 4%、51 9%、59 5%,都高于对照(甲醇溶液)分解率(42 0%).在(0±1)℃保存14d后这4种溶剂中的印楝素都基本不降解,在室温下保存14d后都只有少量降解.纯水中的印楝素在(54±1)℃下最多保存7d即全部降解.

Abstract:The control effects of several pesticides on population of both the leafminer Liriomyza sativae and its natural enemies were evaluated by means of the interference index of population control (IIPC) and exclusion index of population control (EIPC). The results showed that the leafminer population could be controlled effectively by abamectin, chlorpyrifos (48%) and dimehypo (18%). Their IIPC-values were estimated to be 0.124, 0.111 and 0.119, respectively. Among them the EIPC-value of abamectin was maximum which indicated that the affect of application of abamectine on the population of leaf miner's natural enemies was less significant. The results of both application evaluation in field and toxic test in laboratory indicated that the application of methomyl (24%) affected the natural enemies' population of the leaf miner.

Abstract:研究了葛藤节肢动物中10个主要类群的相互关系．结果表明，10个类群呈总体正关联，由10个类群组成的45个种对中。有26个种对为正关联，其中14个种对存在有显著关联，其中蚂蚁类和豆突眼长蝽种对关联最强，其χ^2值为23．96，相应的关联指数OI、DI、JI和YI分别为0．2925、0．9855．0．9714和0．1716；有19个种对呈负关联趋势，但均未达到显著水平．

Abstract:采用均匀设计和自然种群生命表方法，研究了斯氏线虫Steinemema feltiae对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis的控制作用．通过试验得出了应用斯氏线虫在甜玉米地控制亚洲玉米螟的最佳施用剂量和施用次数组合，即施用剂量为1．0万条／株，施用次数为2次(心叶中期喷第1次，5d后喷第2次)．

Abstract:从冷藏赤眼蜂的羽化率、雌蜂寄生卵量、雌蜂的寿命以及实验种群趋势指数四方面，用生命表技术系统地评价了低温冷藏对卷蛾分索赤眼蜂繁群品质的影响．种群趋势指数的引入，更为全面和客观地表达了低温对赤眼蜂繁群品质的影响．综合各虫态的赤眼蜂对低温的反应，卷蛾分索赤眼蜂对低温比较敏感，特别是处于卵期和蛹期的赤眼蜂对低温的反应更为敏感，其羽化率、寄生能力及寿命都受到明显削弱，冷藏3d后其种群趋势指数值就降至1以下，而老熟幼虫期的赤眼蜂所受影响相对较小，是进行短期(6～9d)冷藏的适用虫态．

Abstract:探讨了中华微刺盲蝽Campylomma chinensis对不同密度的棉蚜Aphis gassypii的捕食功能反应，经拟合表明功能反应均呈Holling Ⅱ型．对弃置地上小型灌木水茄Salanum torvum上中华微刺盲蝽和棉蚜的种群动态的调查表明，当水茄上其他小型节肢动物的数量稀少时，中华微刺盲蝽自然种群的大小、迁入、迁出与水茄上棉蚜的数量有密切的关系，在自然状态下此盲蝽可以有效地控制棉蚜的种群数量．

Abstract:‘大矮蕉'Musa AAA cv. Grande Naine的胚性细胞悬浮系(ECS)在M2液体培养基中预培养1周和2周后,分别将其接种在RD1或M3培养基上,于光照或黑暗条件下进行体胚的再生. 再生体胚在接种后3周左右开始出现,经8周的培养后,在不同预培养时间、再生培养基种类及培养条件下,胚性细胞(团)质量增长了约5～18倍,从沉积细胞体积(SCV)为1 mL的ECS获得的再生体胚数为0.71×105～3.07×105. 植株的再生率及从SCV为1 mL的ECS获得的再生植株数也因上述体胚再生条件的不同而异.

Abstract:将10个特选的水稻品种的离体培养特性与模式品种台北309进行了比较．试验发现在培养基含有2mg/L的2，4-D的情况下添加0．5mg/L的BA对爪哇稻胚性愈伤组织的形成显著有利，而对其他品种的正向作用不大或反向作用明显．虽然华航1号和华航3号的愈伤组织和台北309一样能够在没有细胞分裂素的培养基上再生植株，但再生效率很低．在含有BA的培养基上所有品种的愈伤组织都能够再生出更多的植株，添加铜元素对部分品种的植株再生也有促进作用．先将愈伤组织进行分化预备培养然后才进行植株再生培养能够取得最好的植株再生培养效果．本研究结果表明，采取适当的方法能够显著改善大多数品种的培养反应．经过比较筛选出离体培养特性与模式品种相似的优质籼稻品种水晶占和台湾香占，可以作为利用生物技术进行品种改良的材料．

Abstract:以草菇V884及真姬菇的子实体为供试材料，在4、15、30℃下进行保鲜储藏．结果表明：蛋白酶比活峰值出现愈迟，菇类保鲜期愈长；相反，出现愈早，保鲜期愈短．所以草菇在15℃下可保鲜3d；真姬菇在4℃下可保鲜7d，而在其他的温度处理下，保鲜时问很短(1d)，说明草菇、真姬菇两种食用菌的腐烂变质和蛋白酶活性密切相关．

Abstract:选取广东省已进行过深入调查的20个自然保护区为样本，以稀有濒危物种分布、维管植物数量、稀有濒危动植物的种数、保护区面积、年平均降雨量等属性数据作为变量，建立数据库，进行DCA排序和UPGMA聚类研究．DCA排序结果显示，各自然保护区在排序空间中基本上聚集在一起，表明它们的β多样性即样本间的梯度很低，具有很强的同质性．各个保护区的聚类结果基本上反映了省内生境的地带性分异．60种稀有濒危植物的聚类结果则反映出它们在各个保护区分布情况的相似程度，这就间接地表明了它们的分布与相关自然保护区生境条件的密切关系．本项研究的结果提示，在做好行政及管理协调的基础上，从自然保护的角度着眼，可把地理相近、梯度相差较少的保护区合并，组成更大面积的自然保护区．本项研究还表明，采用排序结合聚类的方法对于所选样本的分类是行之有效的．

Abstract:Based on the intrinsic vegetation landscape characteristics of Lianhuashan Park, Shenzhen city, the phenological change of dominant species and their effects on the landscape features were described and analyzed. The vegetation landscape characteristics of dominant communities, and the positive and negative relationships between vegetation landscape and phenological varieties were also discussed, and suggestions on the rebuilding of vegetation landscape were put forward.

Abstract:The myostatin gene of chicken and goose was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),then cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector and sequenced separately. The result showed that the complete gene either obtained from chicken or goose skeletal muscle consisted of (1 128) nucleotides, chicken myostatin cDNA sequence shared 94.6% homology with goose myostatin cDNA sequence,and the homology of myostatin amino acids sequence between them was 97.9%, which was higher than that of the cDNA sequence.

Abstract:应用RT PCR和nPCR实现了口蹄疫病毒O/PanAsia/10株的全衣壳基因的克隆和序列测定.对核苷酸和氨基酸的序列分析表明,与经典O型毒株比较存在较大变异.其中4种结构蛋白的变异顺序是VP1>VP3>VP2>VP4.P1基因G+C值约55%.全衣壳蛋白相对分子质量约8 0×104.主要结构蛋白VP1呈碱性,等电点约9 5.

Abstract:对催乳素和牛卵泡液在水牛卵母细胞体外成熟中的作用进行了探讨．来自屠宰场水牛卵巢的卵母细胞和卵丘细胞复合体，在含体积分数为5％CO2的培养箱中培养24～26h，然后通过体外受精测定其受精和胚胎发育能力．实验1在成熟液中添加1．0μg/mL催乳素(PRL)，卵母细胞的囊胚发育比例(12．8％)比对照组(9．1％)高但不显著．实验2添加5％牛卵泡液(BFF)，卵母细胞卵裂的比例明显高于对照组，但囊胚形成率则几乎一样；添加1．0μg/mL PRL和5％ BFF组卵母细胞卵裂的比例为38．1％，而发育成囊胚阶段的卵母细胞的比例为14％．试验结果表明：添加适宜浓度的BFF和PRL能促进未成熟的水牛卵母细胞体外成熟后的胚胎发育能力．

Abstract:The transfer slab is generally replaced by equivalent cross-beam systems when the integral structure of a tall building is computed. In this study, partial analytical computation of the transfer slab with the Finite Element Method was done, the factors influencing the width of equivalent beam were found, and the width of the equivalent beam was obtained by reverse calculation according to the principle of equivalent rigidity. The conclusion was that the main influencing factors were the span and thickness of the slab, and that the ideal computing formula for the width of the equivalent beam was exponential fitness depending on whether there existed concentrated load or uniformly distributed load.

Abstract:The osmotic dehydration of longan sarcocarp enhanced by ultrasound was probed. The influence of the main process variables, including the time of osmotic dehydration, the time of ultrasound field treat and the intensity of ultrasound field on water loss, solid gain, weight reduction and relative conductivity of sarcocarp cell membrane were investigated. And the empirical dynamic model of osmotic dehydration of longan sarcocarp enhanced by ultrasound field was set up. The results showed that: 1) ultrasound field could enhance the osmotic dehydration process and accelerate the dehydration rate. 2) the empirical dynamic model adequately described the experimental values. The root mean square (RMS) percentage deviation of the model from the experimental data was less than 5%.

Abstract:The effect of different concentrations of soy protein isolate (SPI) and konjak gum (KG) on the gel properties of bighead, Aristichthy nobilis, surimi was investigated. The results showed the addition of SPI or KG could enhance the hardness, elasticity, gel strength and water-holding ability of bighead surimi gels, and the higher the concentration, the more effective; but on the other hand, these two substances could decrease the whiteness of the product. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that SPI could enhance the intensity of myosin heavy chain (MHC) of bighead surimi gels while KG had no effect on it. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the addition of SPI and KG could make bighead surimi form firm and uniform gel network.

Abstract:通过对比不同浸提条件下红茶饮料的色泽、香气和光密度，发现浸提温度、时间、水茶质量比及添加剂等因素对红茶饮料的制备有很大影响．重点研究了不同种类澄清剂对茶饮料稳定性的影响．结果表明，最佳浸提条件为：浸提时间10min，浸提水茶质量比50：1，浸提温度90℃，浸提液pH为5．5～6．0，添加2％(φ)的复合澄清剂Ⅱ．

Abstract:研究了用^60Co γ射线辐射引发反棚悬浮聚合法制备淀粉-丙烯酸钠高吸水树脂的工艺条件，讨论了吸收剂量、吸收剂量率、反应物配比、交联剂用量、单体中和度等不同反应条件对共聚物吸水性能的影响．结果表明，采用本法制备的高吸水树脂可吸去离子水约760mL／g，自来水约200mL／g，0．9％(w)NaCl约55mL／g，吸液速率较快，6min内可达吸液饱和，压力下保水性能良好．

Abstract:合成了3种邻菲咯啉(Phen) 氨基酸铜(Ⅱ)的配合物:[Cu(Phen)(L val)]·ClO4·H2O、[Cu(Phen)(L ala)]·ClO4·0 5H2O和[Cu(Phen)(L arg)]·2ClO4·0 5H2O(L val:缬氨酸;L ala:丙氨酸:L arg:精氨酸).用元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱和电子吸收光谱等手段对配合物进行了表征,结果表明:邻菲咯啉作为双齿配体参与配位,3种氨基酸皆以α-氨基N和羧基O与中心Cu2+配位.

Abstract:以花椰菜BrassicaoleraceaL.var.botrytis白杨品种研究花球产量与其他主要性状的关系并进行通径分析.结果表明,花椰菜生育过程植株、根、茎和叶鲜质量及叶面积均呈单峰曲线增长,叶质量、叶面积、株质量、花球茎直径、花球直径与花球质量存在极显著的正相关,并得出多元线性回归方程:花球质量=0 190×叶质量-0 009×叶面积+0 313×株质量-11 758×花球茎直径+23 828×花球直径-191 439(R2=0 958).通径分析表明植株质量和花球直径对花球质量有直接的显著影响,叶质量、叶面积和花球茎直径则是通过显著影响前二者而间接影响花球质量.

Abstract:对著名的神经元数学模型MP模型进行了研究，提出了一种多维MP模型．用数学方法给出了一个多维非线性变换，推广了神经网络的基本问题．并给出了多维MP模型的电路实现．

Abstract:Through scanning electronic microscope, it can be made sure of the antennae of adults of mulberry gall midge (Contarinia sp.) consist of scap,pedicel and 12 flagella. There are four kinds of sense hair being observed, including scattered long hair, close short hair, males ring-grown hair, females twined hair.