Abstract:The effects of six nitrogen(N) levels and inoculation with Colletotrichum higginsianum on plas-malemma permeability, polyphenoloxidase(PPO)activity, the content of ascorbic acid (AsA) and malonialde-hyde(MDA)in Flowering Chinese Cabbage (Brassica parachinensis) , and the relationship between membrane lipid peroxidation and incidence of anthracnose were studied. The results showed that anthrax fungi could enhance the degradation of AsA, and the degradative effect of low N was more significant than that of high N. PPO activity of leaves was increased after inoculation with C. higginsianum. Compared with high, low N levels and non-fertilization, the suitable N level could significantly strengthen PPO activity. The integrity of cell membrane of leaves was gradually injured after infected with C. higginsianum in all N treatments, permeability of cell membrane augmented rapidly, but the cell membrane of the suitable N level was less injured than that of high N and non-fertilization treatments. With lastingness of the infection with C. higginsianum, MDA content in the leaves increased consistently, the results indicated that after the plant infected with C. higginsianum , membrane lipid peroxidation was strengthened and product of lipid peroxidation was increased. Low and suitable N treatments would accelerate the level of lipid peroxidation in early stage after the plant infected with C. higginsianum, but inhibition effect in the later, while the effect of non-fertilization or high N level was contrary.

Abstract:以广东省优良品种‘糯米糍’为试材，研究了荔枝Litchi chinensis果实在冷害温度贮藏过程中果皮膜脂过氧化与保护酶变化规律，结果表明，糯米糍在0℃下21d时果面已经出现水渍状褐斑，褐变指数2．45，果皮细胞相对电导率达到56．4％，货架期仅6h，表明果实已经遭受不可逆的冷害，0℃下14d后果皮超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(AsA-POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性下降，协调紊乱，导致果皮的MDA含量迅速增加，3℃冷藏7-14d的果实SOD、CAT活性维持较高的水平，不表现冷害，28d时出现衰老。

Abstract:利用漂浮栽培方式种植蕹菜和水葫芦，通过植物根系吸收吸附作用，去除水体中的N、P元素及有机物，与没有种植植物自然降解的对照比较，探讨蕹菜和水葫芦对猪场污水的净化效果．结果表明，经漂浮栽培蕹菜和水葫芦之后污水的理化性质发生较大变化，2种植物都能大量地吸收利用水体中的N、P元素，生长旺盛，净化效果显著；在试验的3个阶段内污水中总氮的去除率蕹菜分别为94．47％、60．19％、31．88％；水葫芦分别为94．24％、68．65％、55．87％；总磷去除率蕹菜分别为28．57％、33．9％、14．39％；水葫芦分别为66．52％、53．34％、35．67％；CODcr去除率蕹菜分别为56．40％、24．24％、29．33％；水葫芦分别为47．87％、24．02％、46．75％．蕹菜、水葫芦对N、P、CODcr的去除效果显著高于对照，不同周期净化效果不同，这与试验时的气候和植物长势有关。

Abstract:Four formulae of nutrient solution were used to plant Zamioculcas zamiifolia in still hydroponics. The results showed that all growth indices of Zamioculcas zamiifolia in still hydroponics were near to or better than those in medium culture. The pH value of nutrient solution dropped and the EC value increasd, while the growth of Zamioculcas zamiifolia was not affected. Water consumption, total uptake of N, P and K and nutrient efficiency were the highest in formula 4. Therefore, Zamioculcas zamiifolia is adaptable to still hydroponics and formula 4 is the best among the formulae tested. In addition, the growth rate and absorption rate of water and nutrients by Zamioculcas zamiifolia were different during different periods.

Abstract:Geostatistical methods were used in combination of GIS information analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of organic matter, and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the 0 - 20 cm layer of Cencun cropfield in Gangzhou suburb. The results indicated that the organic matter, and available nitrogen showed a normal distribution, available phosphorus and potassium with a lognormal distribution; Semi-variance analysis showed that the 4 soil nutrient content were strong correlated in a given spatial range. The distributing maps of soil nutrients were drawn by using Ordinary Kriging, and the distributing results of soil nutrient were analyzed. These results showed further application in exurban agriculture production.

Abstract:The relationship between air anion concentrations at different plots and environment factors was analyzed based on a survey of the air anion concentrations in Chebaling National Nature Reserve. The results showed that brook surrounding, waterfall surrounding and near-water place had higher air anion concentrations. There is a significant relation between forest soil, vegetation and the air anion concentrations. Health trails were suggested to be built in places with higher air anion concentrations for recreation and healthcare.

Abstract:以马来西亚和菲律宾引进的25个南洋楹Paraseriamthes falcataria种源／家系为试验材料，并以早期引进的广东饶平次生种源作对照，在4个试验点进行测试，结果表明：各试验点多数种源／家系的树高、胸径和材积生长量大于对照，其中达较显著差异水平以上的种源有3个，家系有11个；部分种源／家系形质指标优于对照，达较显著差异水平以上的有6个家系．根据试验结果初步评选出生长和形质指标均显著优于对照的有马来西亚的一个家系(M4)；形质指标中等、生长指标显著优于对照的有马来西亚的1个种源(M1)、菲律宾的1个种源(P10)及菲律宾的3个家系(P8、P4、P2)；生长指标中等、形质指标显著优于对照的有菲律宾的一个家系(P7)和马来西亚的4个家系(M3、M7、M10、M11)．

Abstract:Based on field survey of plant resource in Shenzhen, more than 20 local wild plant species of high ornamental value were selected and their seeds were collected for testing. Through two years of observations, the regularity of sprouting time and sprouting rate, etc., were ascertained. Their germination rate differ from 4.45% to 86.00% and duration of sprouting is from 13 days to 140 days. This research was successful in cultivating 150 000 saplings and provided the method of improving germination rate by adjusting breeding time and hot water treatment, which made a contribution to the exploration for the biodiversity of urban landscape.

Abstract:This paper deals with the characteristics of diversity, distribution, type and disposition of wild ornamental plant resource on Lushan mountain, on the basis of extensive investigation, collection and sifting. There are 528 species of wild ornamental plants in this area belonging to 115 families and 290 genera, including 138 tree species, 140 shrubs, 52 vines and 198 herbs. Some practical countermeasures for sustainable utilization of resource diversity of wild ornamental flora on Lushan mountain are presented in accordance with the present status of the exploitation and conservation.

Abstract:运用RAPD分子标记技术分析了广东省水稻纹枯病菌的群体遗传结构，研究结果表明，水稻纹枯病菌存在遗传分化现象(G=0．1658)，分子方差分析表明群体遗传多样性在广东省地区间、地区内以及县市内3个水平分布，群体遗传分化在地区间的水平非常低(ФST=0．038)，地区内的遗传分化程度较高(ФST=0．240)，遗传分化主要来源县市内菌株的遗传变异(ФST=0．269)，占总群体遗传多样性的73．07％．Mantel分析表明地理距离和遗传距离间缺少相关性，群体分化不符合地理距离隔离模式。

Abstract:在24℃无菌、无光照、不同碳素和氮素水平培养条件下，观察了以玉米切根根尖为食的长尾刺线虫Belono aimus longicaudatus的发育，结果表明，刺线虫完成生活史所需的最短时间没有明显受到不同碳素水平的影响，碳素缺乏时，刺线虫的存活率和成虫的比率明显下降，在5-10倍于标准B5培养基中NH4^ 水平的环境下，没有观察到NH4^ 对刺线虫的发育有不良影响。

Abstract:Plant lectin is a sort of plant protein, which can be used to control pests. It is very safe to animal, environment, and very stable in many facets. In this paper, crude lectins of Alocasia odora lectin (AOL) were obtained from Alocasia odora (Roxb) C. Koch. Then obtained chromatographic purified AOL by fraction. It was identified that AOL had strong anti-aphid action, including most stomach toxic, quite reproductive inhibition and honeydew secretion inhibition.

Abstract:The studies of infection characteristics of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae, the causal of rice bacterial foot rot, were conducted by the rifampin-resistant strain Ech7. The results showed that the pathogen could infect rice seeds during the seed germination, which made seeds and seedlings rotten. E. chrysanthemi pv. zeae could highly inhibit rice roots to grow. In addtion, the pathogen could also infect rice plant in different stages of rice. It was also found that the pathogen infected in the early stage of rice when the pathogen could cause greater damage in rice yield, and that E. chrysanthemi pv. zeae had the latent infection.

Abstract:The efficiency of removal of pesticide residues on vegetables was evaluated by the toxicity bioassay. The results showed that treatment with H2O2 at concentration of 10 mL/L for 1 day, the residue of methami-dophos and chlorpyrifos decreased 10.57% and 16.95%, and the degradation rates were 39.62% and 30.49% at 3 days after treatment, and 7 days later, the degradation rates were 45.21% and 64.05% . The toxicity bioassay of the pesticides on the surface of plant leaf against 3rd-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura showed that treatment with H2O2 for 60 min was able to decrease the toxicity of methamidophos, chlorpyrifos, monocrotophos to a certain extent.

Abstract:测定了银杏叶及外种皮提取物对褐飞虱、桃蚜和菜粉蝶幼虫的触杀毒力.结果表明,它们埘褐飞虱和桃蚜有很高的触杀活性,对菜粉蝶幼虫也有一定的触杀活性.4种提取物对褐飞虱的毒力顺序为:叶乙醇提取物>叶石油醚提取物>外种皮甲醇提取物>外种皮乙醚提取物;对桃蚜的毒力顺序为:外种皮甲醇提取物>外种皮乙醚提取物>叶乙醇提取物>叶石油醚提取物.对菜粉蝶幼虫,银杏外种皮的甲醇、乙醚提取物对3龄菜粉蝶幼虫的活性明显高于对5龄幼虫的活性,以外种皮乙醚提取物对3龄幼虫的触杀毒力最高,LD50值为16.80μg/头.

Abstract:在田问对4种寄主植物上黄曲条跳甲的取食、产卵以及种群动态进行了系统调查。应用选择系数和嗜食性指数定量测定了4种寄主植物对黄曲条跳甲的适合度，以种群趋势指数综合评价了4种寄主植物对黄曲条跳甲自然种群增长的影响。结果表明，成虫趋向在芥菜、白菜和菜心上取食和产卵，且幼虫和蛹的存活率高，嗜食性指数和种群趋势指数均较大，是黄曲条跳甲的适宜寄主。在芥蓝上，黄曲条跳甲不仅产卵量少，而且幼虫的存活率很低，其嗜食性指数和种群趋势指数仅为1．937和0．78，是黄曲条跳甲的次适宜寄主。

Abstract:The emergence period of Conopomorpha sinensis in litchi was predicted by two forecasting methods, such as checking the eclosion rate day by day and classifying the pupa scales of the insect. By means of system research, the emergence period of C. sinensis was observed in litchi orchard, and the result showed that the emergence period of C. sinensis forecasted was same as in observe. It was suggested that the forecasting methods for emergence period in the paper could be applicated in practice.

Abstract:运用均匀设计的试验方法,以种群干扰作用控制指数和害虫种群数量持续降低指标评价了绿僵菌不同使用浓度和使用次数组合对香蕉假茎象甲种群的控制作用,建立了使用浓度(XA)、使用次数(XB)和干扰控制作用指数(Y)之间的回归模型:Y=1.349 9-0.101 8 XA-0.090 3 XB.并以害虫种群数量持续降低指标(I)小于1为标准,明确了8×107 mL-1使用3次、8×108 mL-1使用2次和8×108 mL-1使用3次,香蕉假茎象甲种群数量将持续降低,其中以8×108 mL-1使用3次的干扰控制作用指数值最小,为0.173 3,控制效果最好.

Abstract:Isoenzyme of superoxide dismutase(SOD) from kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris . L) seeds was purified by steps involving crude extract, chloroform-ethanol treatment, acetone precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-75 chromatography. It had a specific activity of 127.45 U /mg. Its activity was strongly inhibited by H2O2 and KCN. It was proved that the purified enzyme was copper-and zinc-containing SOD. One of the isoenzymes was purified to homogeneity by discontinuous PAGE. The activity of this SOD could be changed by ultrasound treatment. The activity of SOD was increased after it was dealt with by ultrasound of suitable parameters. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of SOD had no obvious change after treatment by ultrasound. Differential UV-spectra presented distinct positive peaks and negative peaks within certain wavelenth after ultrasound treatment.

Abstract:The cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) gene was transferred into the cotyledons and hypocotyls of cauliflower mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In the selective medium, the kanamycin concentration was 15 mg/L. Carbencillin (500 mg/L) was used to inhibit growth of agrobacterium. The regenerated transformant plants were assayed by PCR, PCR-Southern blot and Southern blot, and the target band was observed in most of the plants assayed. So the integration of the CpTI gene into cauliflower genome DNA was confirmed. In vitro leaf testing for evaluating resistance to cabbage worm (Pieris brassicae L.) was made, and the results showed that the transgenic plants were more resistant than non-transgenic plants.

Abstract:采用质量分数为5％戊二醛在常温下处理脱胶丝素40min，洗净、真空干燥，制备活化丝素,以活化丝素为载体，采用共价交联法制备固定化木瓜蛋白酶。研究结果表明，最佳的固定化条件为：给酶量0．36mg／g(蛋白质质量浓度为0．12mg／mL)、pH7．5、温度4℃左右条件下，固定6h，所得到的固定化酶活力为1786．93U／g，活力回收高达69．54％。

Abstract:The epidermal morphology of 25 species in 10 genera of Theaceae was observed under light microscope . Three major types of stomata were recognized: cyclocytic type (Gordonia, Schima ), paracytic type (Tutcheria), anomocytic type (Apterosperma, Ternstroemia, Adinandra, Cleyera, Euryodendron, Eurya, Anneslea). The evolutionary trend of stamata was from cyclocytic to paracytic or anomocytic. Anomocytic of Ternstroemoideae was the most advanced type in Theaceae. The epidermal morphology of 16 species in 10 genera was observed under scanning electron microscope. The cuticle patterns varied with genera from multi-layered and discontinuous ringes in Camellia and Gordonia to a few continuous and branched rings in Tutcheria, Schima and Apterosperma, or the ring outside the pore was from separated ( Temstroemia, Adinandra and Cleyera ) to being merged with cuticular layer ( Euryodendron, Anneslea and Eurya ) . The result showed that Tutcheria was different from Pyrenaria in leaf stomatal types. Apterosperma had anomocytic stomata, which was different from other taxa in Theoideae, but similar to those in Ternstroemoideae. Therefore, it may be the transitional type between two subfamilies.

Abstract:Pholidota is often used as civilian herbs, but it is easy to be confused with Dendrobium, Bulbophyl-lum and others. Based on the surveys and references , the distribution, study proceeding,medicinal and ornamental values, culture and protection measures of 14 species of Pholidota are presented.

Abstract:5' terminal regulatory region of ovalbumin gene, a 1.2 kb DNA segment, was amplified by PCR from oviduct genome of a laying duck. It was cloned into the multiple cloning site of phD18-T vector (now named pOV), and used as regulatory sequence for promoting exogenous gene expression after enzyme cutting and sequencing identification. It was therefore preparation for constructing an expression plasmid vector to express exogenous genes.

Abstract:Toxic effects of roxarsone were investigated when carp (Carassias auratus) was exposed to roxarsone solution of 30 and 45 mg/L for 2 and 5 days. Roxarsone showed low toxicity to carp, but the margin of safety was narrow, the LC50 were as follows: 24 h LC50 181.69 mg/L, 48 and 96 h LC50 176.57 mg/L. The activities of LDH in carp brain and carp liver were inhibited significantly (P < 0.05) and showed dose-effect relationship. The contents of MDA in carp brain and carp liver increased significantly in all treated groups (P < 0.05) . Initially the activities of SOD in carp brain, liver and gill were enhanced significantly (P< 0.05) and then inhibited markedly with increasing doses. The activities of GSH-ST in carp brain were inhibited strikingly ( P <0.01) . These results showed roxarsone could inhibit enzyme with sulfhydryl group and the ability of antiox-idation. The oxidative damage to carp were remarkable and showed dose-effect relationship.

Abstract:为了获得高效分泌表达ChIFNγ的重组毕赤酵母菌株,利用基因工程技术,将435 bp的ChIFNγ成熟肽编码基因亚克隆到巴斯德毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris表达载体PPICZαC中,将该重组质粒用BstX Ⅰ线性化并通过电击法转化毕赤酵母X-33菌株,用500 μ/mL抗生素Zeocin筛选高拷贝阳性重组菌.甲醇诱导表达的重组ChIFNγ经SDS-PAGE电泳,可在相对分子质量约2.0×104处检测到目的蛋白带,目的蛋白占酵母表达上清液总蛋白质的35％.微量细胞病变抑制法检测表达产物的生物学活性,检测结果表明,巴斯德毕赤酵母表达的重组ChIFNγ的抗病毒效价为6 400 U/mL.

Abstract:The dehydration features of apple crispy chips under microwave and vacuum in combination with microwave were studied. The drying progress could be divided into constant speed phase and decreasing speed phase. The stronger the microwave power the more rapid the loss of water from the apple chips would be, and shorter the constant speed phase would become. During the whole drying progress, the loss of water mostly occurred in the decreasing speed phase. By vacuum microwave treatment, well expanded apple crispy chips with densely distributed micro-pores could be achieved. Regulating the apple chips to have a water content of 7.67% before processing by microwave drying could result in the optimal expanding effect.

Abstract:Three-dimensional pattern of air-condition pipelines was established by Pro/E software, transferred to ANSYS environment, and a pipeline finite element analysis model constructed to caculate the first 20 stairs inherent frequency and vibration mode. Simulating compressor excitation and analyzing pipeline vibration re-ponse characteristics, an optimization design scheme for decreasing the matched pipelines vibration was obtained by caculation and analysis. This demonstrated that it was feasible to decrease air-condition pipelines vibration by the finite element technology of ANSYS software.

Abstract:Avian influenza(AI) is an infection or syndrome caused by influenza virus type A, and highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI) caused by subtype H5 and H7 can lead to 100% mortality in poultry. A-vian influenza virus are highly labile, because of antigenic drift and antigenic shift. Human "avian influenza" is a novel infectious disase caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza virus which cross barrier between species. It was found that avian influenza virus subtypes H5N1, H7N7 and H9N2 can infect humans, but there was no evidence for person-to-person transmission of those avian influenza A viruses. Based on intensified inspection, culling and immunization with killed vaccine can prevent avian influenza epidemic. Developing new influenza vaccine with H5, H7 or H9 subtype is an effective method to prevent human influenza pandemic.

Abstract:在实验室内以米蛾卵作寄主研究了蜂密度和寄主密度对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生效能的影响。在第一个试验中，1、2、4和8头1日龄的玉米螟赤眼蜂雌蜂被分别接入400粒米蛾卵上，结果表明，卵的总寄生率在最高蜂密度(8头)时显著高于其他蜂密度，但平均每头雌蜂的寄生率却随蜂密度的增加而减少，当蜂密度从1增加到8头时，平均每头雌蜂的寄生率几乎减少了近一半，同时每雌产后代数也随蜂密度的增加而减少，说明蜂密度的增加降低了玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生效能．另一试验中，50、100、200和400粒米蛾卵上分别接入1头1日龄的赤眼蜂雌蜂，结果表明，随寄主卵密度的增加，卵的总寄生率也显著增加，寄主卵密度每增加1梯度，每雌产后代数平均增加了2倍，由此可以看出，寄主卵密度的增加对玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄生效能有增强作用。

Abstract:经2 g/L秋水仙碱羊毛乳剂处理、细胞染色体倍性鉴定,分别得到了栽培番茄粤农二号×类番茄茄F1、(栽培番茄粤农二号×类番茄茄)×多腺番茄F1(编号为98-5-3-1)的16个、4个异源四倍体植株及(栽培番茄粤农二号×类番茄茄)×(栽培番茄粤农二号×秘鲁番茄)F1(编号为1-6-1)的9个异源四倍体植株、1个八倍体植株.