Abstract:The major agronomic characters and resistance to blast of 21 space mutant lines (SP10), which were selected from the recoverable satellite carried indica rice variety Texianzhan 13, were observed and studied. The results showed that significant variations (including forward-and backward mutation) were found in most major agronomic and economic characters in these mutant lines. The positive and negative variations were found in a single character. Different mutant lines showed the different resistance spectrum to blast and the same line had the different blast resistance to different Magnaporthe grisea pathogenic strains. These results indicated that the resistance variation caused by space mutation were complicated. The new varieties and germplasm which had significant improvement in many characters such as plant height, maturing duration, yield, quality and blast resistance could be obtained from the space mutant lines.

Abstract:In order to evaluate the agronomic performances, fruit bunch shape, mass, hand number, fruit length and diameter and finger curvature of twenty-eight Cavendish cultivars were compared in the first crop and the second (ratoon) crop under subtropical conditions during a period of 3 years. Fruit bunches of 'Gaojiao Dundilei', 'Williams' and 'Baxijiao' were more cylindrical while those of dwarf Cavendish were more conical. Yields in the planting crop and the first ratoon crop were 20 to 30 kg and 30 to 35 kg per tree, respectively. 'Aijiao Dundilei' had the highest yield of 73.8 kg per tree in two crops, 21 percent higher than the introduced cultivars like 'Baxijiao' and 'Williams'. Hand number was varible between 7 and 9, with total fingers of 140 to 170. The first hand consisted of 25 to 30 fingers and weighted 4 to 7 kg in a bunch , which were double or triple that of the last hand. Finger length of first hand was between 20 and 22 cm whereas finger diameter was bigger than normal standard (around 40 mm). A few local cultivars like 'Aijiao Dundilei' and 'Gaojiao Dundilei' were comparable with introduced cultivars in yield, bunch shape, finger length and shape.

Abstract:Results from PCR and southern-blot analysis conformed that the target gene was integrated into the genome of T_2 transgenic papaya (Carica papaya) plants with replicase gene of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV). These transgenic papaya seedlings in 7-8 leaf stages were mechanically inoculated respectively with three severe strains of PRSV in South China. They showed a high resistant to all strains of PRSV. By transplanting these seedlings to field, no any symptom appeared in these transgenic plants during 9 months. On the contrary, the control plants showed very severe symptoms.

Abstract:From 2001 to 2002,investigation was carried out on mycoflora of rape petals. (1 908) isolates were obtained from new opened petals and senescent petals which were collected from stages of emerging bloom, full bloom and fall bloom. Except Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, there were other fungi, such as Aureubasidium spp.,Fusarium spp.,Alternaria spp.,Botrytis spp.,Periconia spp.,Aspergillus spp.,Nigrospora spp.,Peniccillium spp.,Trichoderma spp.,Epicoccum spp.. The dominant mycoflra were Aureubasidium spp., Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp., followed by them were Botrytis spp.,Periconia spp. and Aspergillus spp.. The average isolation frequency of Aureubasidium spp. was the highest, followed by that of Fusarium spp..160 isolates were selected from identified fungi from rape to test their antagonistic effect on S.sclerotiorum by the methods of dual culture.The properties for a antagonist, which were suggested as necessary for S.sclerotiorum, including hyphal interaction, direct parasitism, strong competitive to S.sclerotiorum were observed in vitro. Among them,10 isolates were selected(A4,F6,Au2,As1,-B1,Pe7,AU6,As2,F3,Pe5 ),antagonism and activity of them were strong.

Abstract:The toxicity of 13 kinds of fungicides on Curuularia lunata, like Tilt, Score, Celest, Amistar, Aomeiling, and so on, were measured by the method of growth ratio. Their regressive equations and EC_(50) were calculated. The results demonstrated that there were 4 kinds of fungicides, such as Score, Topsin-m,Ridomil and Aomeiling3, which could inhibit C. lunata very effectively; The toxicities of Celest, Tilt, AF-136, AF-137 and Amistar had also highly inhbitant, but they had less effect than the former 4 fungicides; The effects of Aomeiling2, Aomeiling1, 2116 and Aomeiling4 on C. lunata were not significant. The experimental results would be useful to the further studies on the selection of effective fungicides and the optimal mixture of fungicides on Curuularia lunata.

Abstract:Using the method of small glass, bioassay was conducted to study the activity of the essential oil extracted from Artemisia scoparia at different concentration on growth inhibition of root and stem of the weed Echinochloa crusgalli. The results showed that the essential oil inhibited the growth of root and stem of the weed under light and non-light, while the activity was higher under light than that under non-light. Activity assayed of several protective enzymes indicated that except the superoxide dismutase (SOD) was inhibited, the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and peroxidase (POD) were induced and enhanced greatly by essential oil in the callus of E. crusgalli under light.The observation under electron microscope showed that the membrane in cell of callus exposed to the essential oil was damaged under light. The cells of callus were destroyed totally because of a great stress of oxidation in the callus caused by the essential oil. It was indicated that the biological membrane was the main target for the essential oil action.

Abstract:为探讨万隆霉素抑菌作用的机理，选取黄瓜疫病菌为代表菌，电镜观察受抑制菌体形态的变化．扫描电镜观察，经80μg／mL万隆霉素处理的黄瓜疫病菌菌丝体，菌丝膨胀，菌体表面粗糙，新生菌丝体变形；经200μg／mL万隆霉素处理的黄瓜疫病菌菌丝体，菌丝呈现肿胀后萎焉、疲软、皱缩、变形等异常形态学变化；透射电镜下见菌体断面结构不清晰，细胞内成分固缩成团块状并形成空白区．

Abstract:苞叶芋属观叶植物表现褐腐病症状的绿巨人Spathiphyllum pallas、神灯白掌S．lynise、香水白掌S．sensation、金叶白掌S．golden和白掌S．develandii分离提纯菌株，作交互接种试验显示，都可交互致病，表现褐腐病自然感病症状．根据对5个菌株培养特性、形态特征和致病性观测，认为是同一个病原种即苞叶芋帚梗柱孢Cylindrocladium spathiphylli Schoulties El-Choll ＆ Alfieri．病原菌生物学特性的研究表明，20～26℃适宜病原菌生长，高于34℃或低于15℃则不利于生长，湿度在90％以上有利于病原菌孢子萌发；在适量微量元素Fe、Mg、K营养条件下，病原菌生长缓慢，pH5～9病原菌生长良好．从接种病原菌后的绿巨人叶柄横切可见其病理结构变化为：接种12h，病菌以菌丝通过表皮上伤口或细胞间隙进入皮层；接种24h，部分表皮细胞和皮层薄壁细胞质壁分离，变褐；接种48h，受害皮层薄壁细胞向深处发展扩大，细胞壁呈黑褐色；接种72h，病菌侵进维管束，韧皮部和木质部破坏变黑；接种72h的病根横切显示，病菌菌丝通过表皮伤口进入外皮层、中皮层薄壁细胞、胞壁崩裂、变黑．本研究目的是为绿巨人生产中的病害防治提供理论依据．

Abstract:Thirty-eight compounds, including furfural, coumarin and succinic acid, bis (2-methylpropyl)ester, were found in the volatiles extracted from Cyclosorus parasiticus, by using facility GC/MS. The bioassay showed that the volatiles in different concentration had the oviposition deterrent effect and antifeeding effect against adults of Liriomyza sativae in 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, the effect enhanced with the concentrations improving and weakened with time spending after treatment. The results of the four-armed olfactomater test showed that the volatiles from C. parasiticus influenced the beheivor of L. sativae strongly.

Abstract:Influence of three volatiles from tropical rank grass on behavior of Plutella xylostella was studied in the test of olfactory response. Three volatiles of tropical rank grasses showed a good deterrent effect on the adult of the diamondback month (DBM), and that the deterrent effects strengthened with the flow rate of volatiles enhancing. There was better deterrent effects on adults of DBM for the volatiles from Artemisia argyi and Piper betle than that from Eupatorium odoratum . In the test of oviposition deterrent and antifeedant of DBM, these volatiles extraeted from tropical rank grasses showed a inhibitory effects. The order of oviposition deterrent and antifeedant of DBM effected by the volatiles is: Piper betle> Eupatorium odoratum> Artemisia argyi.

Abstract:在实验室内以米蛾卵作寄主，观察了玉米螟赤眼蜂在5个恒温条件下(17，21，25，29，33℃)的发育羽化情况及成蜂寿命、产卵量和后代性比，实验中光照为14：10(L：D)，相对湿度控制为75％．结果表明，玉米螟赤眼蜂完成一代所需的发育时间随温度的升高而减少，在17℃时完成一代需要25．12d，而在33℃时仅需要8．11d；在17～25℃成蜂羽化率最高，33℃时最低，其次是29℃；雌蜂的寿命在17℃时最长为219h，但随温度的升高而缩短，在33℃时仅为19．20h；在21．25℃范围内，雌蜂产卵量达到最高；所设定的5个温度条件下发育的雌蜂，其所产的后代中雌性均超过雄性，后代雌性百分率在17～29℃达到高峰，但在33℃时有所下降．

Abstract:应用地理统计学和扩散系数C、Taylor幂法则、Iwao聚片回归对广东省阳山县一河滩越北腹露蝗Fruhstorferiola tonkinensis卵块的空间格局进行分析，结果表明，越北腹露蝗卵块呈具有一定平均值的聚团的聚集分布，聚集强度随卵块密度的增大而增大，其聚集原因是雌虫产卵习性和环境因素综合影响的结果；其拟合的变异曲线为球型，其变程为15．5m、块金常数为18．7m、基台值为124．6m．

Abstract:Brontispa longissima (Gestro) was a newly dangerous invasive pest in China. The feeding behavior of B. longissima was observed and leaf area of Cocos nucifera, Roystonea regia, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens and Caryota ochlandra consumed by the pest larvae was measured in the laboratory. The feeding trace of the early larvae was slender and the damage was light. The feeding trace of late larvae such as 3,4,5 instars was wide and the damage caused was serious. For the feeding trace of the adults was slender and deep, the damage caused was also serious. The consumed leaf area by the larvae varied from 40 to 48 cm~2. The leaves of C. nucifera, R. regia consumed by the early larvae were more than those of C. lutescens and C. ochlandra, but leaf area consumed by the late larvae was not significantly different among the four host plants. The models were constructed between the leaf area consumed and the larva instars.

Abstract:A strategy of shotgun antisense gene silencing was used to generate a rice mutant library. A total of (1 486) transgenic rice plants were obtained from 105 independent Hygromycin(Hm) resistant calli transformed with rice antisense cDNA library, using japonica cultivar Zhonghua 11 as transformation material. A total of 335 T_0 transformants from 11 independent calli were selected randomly to test Hm resistance by leaf segments screening. The results showed that all T_0 plants tested were Hm resistant, coincident with the results of PCR analysis, indicating that no escapee existed in T_0 transformants. The result of Southern blot analysis revealed that most of the transgenic plants contained single T-DNA insertion. Some morphological variations were observed in T_0 and T_1 transgenic plants such as dwarf, non-tiller or multi-tillers, decrease of seed-setting, changes of grain or panicle shape or spikelet structure. One mutant was characterized, the mutative traits of which cosegregated with Hm resistance. The mutant displayed about 50% decrease of seed-setting rate and 40% decrease of total number of spikelets per panicle, resulting in about 70% decrease of seed production per panicle as compared with non-transgenic control.

Abstract:Phylogenetic closely related species from Sinorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium and Mesorhizobium were studied by analysis of rRNA gene intergenic spacer sequence. The results indicated that sequences of rRNA gene intergenic spacer would clarify the closely related species. The phylogenetic tree constructed by sequence of 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenetic spacer is very similar with that of 16S rRNA gene sequence.

Abstract:The morphological traits from Gaozhou wild rice populations in Guangdong Province were collected and clustered by using a variable-average method. The results indicated that there were abundant variations of traits in the natural populations, especially significant differences in vegetative organs and seed production potentiality among the populations of Daling village, Fushi village, Boshui village and Pengshan village. These differences may be due to the different water stability, the water line and disturbance strength among the populations.

Abstract:大豆和香蕉叶片光合细胞Chla荧光动力学过程在300MHz低强度射频电磁场作用下发生了变化，荧光动力学参数Fv／Fo、Fv／Fm、△Fv／T和CA随辐射功率密度的增加呈减小的趋势，FVI／FV和T1／2呈增大的趋势，表明在低强度射频电磁场的作用下大豆和香蕉叶片光合细胞PSⅡ潜在活性降低，PSⅡ无活性中心相对含量增加，光合电子传递速率减小，PSⅡ氧化侧电子库受到损伤，PSⅡ反应中心原初光能转换效率降低．光合细胞对低强度射频电磁场的这种响应是一种非热效应．

Abstract:Two new species and two new records of Phomopsis are reported, i.e. Phomopsis rhododendricola, Phomopsis pterocariicola,Phomopsis rhois and Phomopsis mahoniae. Latin diagnoses of the new species are provided. The specimens are deposited in the Mycological Herbarium of South China Agricultural University (SCHM), Guangzhou.

Abstract:对北江流域9个于2002年播种、5个于2003年播种的乡土阔叶树种的出苗率、苗期高生长及地径生长做了测定和分析.结果表明:除珊瑚树Viburnumodoratissimum及大果马蹄荷Exbucklandiatonkinensis的出苗率较低之外,其他12种的出苗率均≥60%.出苗率≥90%的包括闽楠Phoebebournei、香港四照花Dendrobenthamiahongkongensis、南酸枣Choerospondiasaxillaris及岭南山茉莉Melliodendronbiaristatumvar.parviflorum.5个2003年播种的树种均有旺盛的高生长,尤其是山乌桕Sapiumdiscolor、苦楝Meliaazedarach和南酸枣,其高生长即使与2002年播种的树种相比都处于优势或同等优势地位.2002年播种的树种普遍比2003年播种的地径大.2002年和2003年播种的树种中,地径生长迅速的分别是深山含笑Micheliamaudiae、香樟Cinnamomumcamphora及山乌桕、苦楝、南酸枣.除了珊瑚树、苦楝及南酸枣等3个树种之外,14个树种中的其余树种的苗期高生长与地径生长均表现出极显著的正相关(P<0 001).

Abstract:将IBDV超强毒株HK46的结构蛋白vp2基因的cDNA片段插入表达质粒psoc的EcoRI位点，获得重组质粒pSOC-VP2．用pSOC-VP2转化E．coli BL21(DE3)，获得表达VP2蛋白的工程菌BL-SOC-VP2．在1μG/mL IFIG诱导之下，BL-SOC-VP2表达了融合蛋白SOC-VP2，其相对分子质量为49000．SDS-PAGE检测表明，融合蛋白SOC-VP2的最大表达量为细菌总量的14．35％．ELISA分析表明，大肠杆菌表达的SOC-VP2能与IBDV阳性血清发生特异性反应．

Abstract:采用MTT比色法、RIA法和相对半定量RT-PCR法分别研究了不同浓度的人工合成胸腺素α1(Tα1)对离体培养的鸡脾脏淋巴细胞增殖转化、白细胞介素2(IL-2)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)分泌及基因表达的影响. 结果表明,采用1和10 μg·mL-1的Tα1处理细胞36 h,能显著增加由ConA诱导24 h的脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖转化率,显著提高细胞培养上清液中IL-2的含量(P<0.05),而对IL-6的分泌无显著影响(P>0.05);同时发现,在10 μg·mL-1 Tα1处理淋巴细胞36 h后用ConA诱导12 h,对淋巴细胞IL-2和IL-6基因的表达无显著影响(P>0.05). 提示Tα1可通过促进IL-2的分泌,进而促进脾脏淋巴细胞增殖转化,而且其可能主要在基因转录后翻译水平上对IL-2分泌发挥影响.

Abstract:重组质粒pMDIFN-α中的猪α-干扰素基因经双酶切，亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-．28a，构建了重组表达质粒pETIFN-α，经过SDS-PAGE蛋白质电泳，测得表达蛋白的相对分子质量约为26500．表达蛋白的Western-blotting分析显示：改进后的半干胶转印免疫印迹法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好；获得的重组融合蛋白具有良好的反应原性．

Abstract:利用性成熟的胡子鲇通过人工授精方法获得受精卵，采用光学显微镜观察受精卵胚胎发育的整个过程．其发育过程分为：受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、尾芽期和孵化期．整个过程在水温27．6～30．5℃条件下，持续23h12min．未受精的卵吸水膨胀不明显，并不产生“附着盘”．卵黄运动在卵裂期过程中逐渐加强．出膜过程的启动与头尾的摆动作用无关．

Abstract:By using matrix method,kinematics analysis mathematical models of common basal group linkages are established,and their program modules of displacement, velocity and acceleration are established. A CAD system of the analysis and simulation for planar five-bar linkage mechanism with dual freedoms is developed in the visual language (Visual Basic 6.0). The software has the functions of numerical computation, motion chart drawing and motion simulating. The correctness of the mathematical models was validated by using automatic dynamic analysis software of mechanical system ADAMS.

Abstract:对摘穗收获原理和主要参数进行了初步分析与探讨，并对样机的预分离筛性能、摘穗滚简转速对收获机性能的影响等进行了一系列室内外单因子性能试验和正交试验，对飞溅损失率、清选损失率、夹带损失率、总损失率等试验结果进行了处理和分析，得到小型摘穗收获机的最佳参数组合：摘穗滚简转速为570r／min，梳齿安装角后倾150，摘穗齿键孔直径为12mm，压禾器距地面高度为470mm．

Abstract:An elevation survey calculation formula using the total station midway method was deduced. The error transmission principle was applied to derive the formula, and the impact of various factors on elevation survey accuracy were analyzed and calculated. Verified by experiments, it was confirmed that the total station could replace the water level in elevation measurements with the precision meeting the grade three and grade four specifications for water level surveying within certain ranges. Several proposals were presented to increase elevation surveying precision.

Abstract:With the peculiarities of garment pattern shape and structure in mind, the authors proposed a method for non-uniform B-spline curve fitting in which the distribution of data points was determined by curvature. The spline wavelet was used to compress and optimize the data points so as to make its number as small as possible under the permissible error margin. Being robust, the method provided an intellective and efficacious input technology for pattern design in garment computer aided design (CAD).

Abstract:This paper describes how to determine necessary throughput of experimentation in testing complicated systems based on reliability and accuracy analysis of estimating parameters of complicated system.It is a fact that necessary throughput of experimentation in complicated system is related to system parameters estimation method. An example was used traditional statistical method as , and propose an estimation method to determine necessary throughput of experimentation. The methods are elaborated with real cases.

Abstract:研究了一类带功能性的具有周期系数的捕食者-食饵系统，系统捕食者和食饵2个物种在有界区域Ω内的相互作用．应用周期上、下解方法讨论系统的解的长时间渐近行为，得到相应的正解在拟解之间．

Abstract:以水稻2个品种(IR36和TN1)为材料，研究其分蘖期的甲醇提取物对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(stal)2个生物型成虫单向选择性和若虫死亡率的影响．结果表明，IR36提取物对褐飞虱生物型Ⅱ成虫的单向选择性有驱避作用，对若虫表现为负作用(即导致其死亡率增加)；而TN1提取物对其成虫有吸引作用，对若虫无不良影响．对孟加拉型成虫和若虫影响差异均不显著．

Abstract:In order to study the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) from flacherie infected silkworm and study the enzyme histopathology, the variation pattern of ALKP in the midguts of Bombyx mori were examined. It was demonstrated that the silkworm infected with Bacillus sp. was similar to that of healthy silkworm but with lower activities. Paraffin wax section of silk gland infected with flacherie showed that the tubes full of sericin-like substances. This obviously obstructed silkworms' spinning in the mounting stage. Cryosectioning technology was applied to determine the activity of ALKP substrate on silk gland. It showed strong reactions on the inner and outer membranes of silk gland from infected silkworms but only weak reactions were observed on the membranes of healthy silkworms indicating active phosphate transportation on the membranes. Intensely stained dots in fat body demonstrated the presence of ALKP synthesizing tissues.

Abstract:对中华紫毛兜兰Paphiopedilum × sinovillosum--紫毛兜兰P. villosum与亨利兜兰P. henryanum之间的天然新杂种,作了描述与绘图. 该杂种采自云南省东南部的麻栗坡县,该地区发现有紫毛兜兰与亨利兜兰生长在一起. 此新杂种的花苞片、花瓣和唇瓣近似紫毛兜兰,而花序柄、中萼片和叶片则与亨利兜兰相似.