Abstract:Ten typical rice varieties were selected to study the relationships between the characteristics of root system and aboveground parts through field experiments and field root bag methods. The results showed that root mass had positive correlation with aboveground mass and total mass at different growth stages. The oxidizing activities of root had significant correlation with aboveground performance at tillering stage and rice yield at ripening stage. However, root/shoot ratio had negative significant correlation with yield at heading and ripening stage, the correlation coefficients were (-0.861 6) and (-0.889 0) respectively. In order to obtain maximize yield, the results implied that reduction of root system to a reasonable size may be an effective way to improve the yield of crop.

Abstract:A comparative study of the morphological characters of seedlings was made for the different types of super rice varieties, both in the early and late crop. The results showed that, under the ecological conditions of double rice cropping system in the southern China, a significant difference of F-value at 1% level existed among plant height, leaf number of main stem, stem number each plant and basal width of leaf sheath in the tested varieties. According to the results, the ideal morphological characteristics of South-China double cropping super-rice at the seedling stage were determined. They are 35.0-37.5 cm in the early crop and 33.5-35.5 cm in the late crop for the ideal plant height, 2.0-3.0 in the early crop and 3.0-3.2 in the late crop for the tillers per plant, 5.8 leaves in the early crop and 4.9 leaves in the late crop on the main stem, 0.71 cm in the early crop and 0.51-0.54 cm in the late crop for the width of basal leaf sheath.

Abstract:研究了优质稻核心种质绿珍占8号及其衍生系统的晚造农艺性状和品质性状，相关分析结果表明：产量与结实率、穗长和剑叶长均呈极显著正相关，与倒二叶长和倒三叶长呈极显著负相关，与倒二叶宽和倒三叶宽呈极显著正相关．食味品质与垩白粒率和垩白度呈显著负相关，与胶稠度呈极显著正相关．主成分分析表明：穗长因子对产量有极显著正线性关系；整精米率因子对食味品质有极显著负线性关系；在此基础上构建了优质稻核心种质绿珍占8号及其衍生系统的理想株型模式，为华南晚籼优质稻育种提供依据．

Abstract:Hormone contents in young spikes were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and yield characters were investigated in Huahang No.1, Huahang No.8 and their original cultivars. There are no significant differences in the ratio of indole acetic acid to isopentenyladenine [b(IAA) /b(iPAs)] in the young spike, as well as grains per spike and the seed setting percentage between Huahang No.1 and its original cultivar Texianzhan 13. The ratio of b(IAA) /b(iPAs) in the young spike of Huahang No.8 is significantly lower than that in its orginal cultivar Yuexiangzhan. The grains per spike of Huahang No.8 is significantly higher than that of Yuexiangzhan. The seed setting percentage of Huahang No.8 is significantly lower than that of Yuexiangzhan. The ratio of b(IAA) /b(iPAs) in young spikes is negatively correlated to grains per spike, and positively correlated to seed setting percentage.

Abstract:Microclimatic measurements were conducted in the conventional tea plantation and ancient tea plantation at the germination moment of tea plants in Yunnan Province in Jan. 2003. Through the comparative research, the findings are as follows: Light intensity above the canopy of ancient tea plantation was far less than that above the canopy of conventional tea plantation and in the clearing. In the ancient tea plantation, thermal effect around the crown was negative and the quantity of heat flaw away from environment to the crown in the daytime, which depressed the air temperature around the tea; thermal effect presented positive around the crown and the quantity of heat was transferred from the crown to the environment at night, which had an effect on keeping air temperature around the tea. As there was no shield in conventional tea plantation, the air temperature around the crown was higher than that in clearing in daytime and lower than that in clearing at night. Water vapor pressure in conventional tea plantation was higher than that in ancient tea plantation in the daytime and lower than that in ancient tea plantation at night; moreover, they were on the contrary to the results of relative humidity. So, in the ancient tea plantation, light intensity was lower; air temperature of ancient tea plantation was higher in the daytime and lower at night; the diurnal range of temperature wasn't remarkable; the relative humidity was moderate. All the characteristics as mentioned above played a great role in tea growing and matter forming and accumulating within tea plant, which led to the improvement of tea quality and to some extent might be reasons that tea in ancient tea plantation kept good quality in the long time.

Abstract:Soil samples were collected to investigate contamination degree in paddy soils polluted by Dabaoshan sulfur-polymetallic mines in the north of Guangdong Province. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to characterize the relationship among environmental variables and determine spatial distribution of contaminants. The results demonstrated that long-term wastewater irrigation resulted in depositing of wastes of limonites, copper pyrites and Pb-Zn mines in studied paddy soils, which induced soil acidification and accumulation of sulfur, copper, lead and cadmium. These contaminants were significantly correlated with iron and calcium, while were poorly correlated with manganese and chromium. Moreover, elevated contamination trend was revealed in the paddy soils with approaching the contamination sources. PCA was suggested to be an efficient multivariate analysis method of multiple soil contamination.

Abstract:Fifty-six strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) were analysed by using short bacterial repetitive elements(REP,ERIC and BOX primers) and the repetitive DNA element IS1113 from X. oryzae pv.oryzae. Dendrograms were generated from the combination data sets of primers ERIC and J3 by using UPGMA analysis. The results indicated that extensive genetic variability and genetic diversity existed within the population of X. oryzae pv. oryzae strains tested. All strains could be divided into 10 groups at level of 70% similarity. Group 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 were predominant. Strains collected from Yunnan Province were divided into 6 groups, and each group was partially associated with the regional origin of pathogen population. Eighteen pathotypes (virulence phenotype) were identified bg using 16 near-iso-genic rice lines, each containing a single gene for resistance. The pathotype diversity and complicity of strains tested from Yunnan Province were higher than those from other provinces in China. The results would be facilitated for further understanding of the population structure of X.oryzae pv.oryzae in China.

Abstract:2 0 0 1～2 0 0 3年,对广东省境内狗牙根草Cynodondactylon (L .)Pers.的真菌病害进行了调查,共鉴定出9种病原真菌,分别是灰葡萄孢BotrytiscinereaPers.exFr.、禾生炭疽Colletotrichumgraminicola (Ces.)Wilson、棒弯孢霉CurvulariaclavataJain、新月弯孢霉C .lunataNelson&Haasis、疣弯孢霉C .verruculosus (Tsuda&Ueyama)Sivan .、球黑孢Nigrosporasphaerica (Sacc.)Mason、侧生团黑孢PericonialateralisEllis&Ererh、狗牙根柄锈菌PucciniacynodontisLacroixexDesm .和立枯丝核菌RhizoctoniasolaniK櫣ｈｎ.,生产上以3种弯孢霉引发的病害普遍且较重

Abstract:The genetic polymorphism and dsRNA of Phyllosticta commelimecola from Northeastern of China were determined by RAPD and cellulose methods. The relationship between the genetic polymorphism and dsRNA and pathogenicity was analyzed. The results showed that there were obvious differences in culture types and pathogenicity of these strains, and the pathogenicity of the strains decreased from southern to northern. The typical strains were subject to dsRNA and RAPD analyses. Among 12 strains tested,10 strains contained dsRNA and 2 without dsRNA. It was mdicated that there was not relationship between dsRNA and pathogencity. The isolates could be divided into 5 groups under the Hierarchical cluster distance of 15. There was close relationship between the isolates of Jilin Province and Liaolin Province, however, the strains of Helongjiang Province had distant relationship with the strains of Jilin and Liaolin Province. The pathogenicity of the strains under the same RAPD group was similar.

Abstract:在实验室条件[温度为(2 6±1)℃,湿度为75 %～90 % ,光∶暗为14∶10 ]下,研究了B型烟粉虱Bemisiatabaci(Gennadius)在撒金变叶木Codiaeumvariegatum‘Aucubaefolium’、美丽变叶木C .variegatumnov . ?和彩叶变叶木C .variegatum‘Mons florin’上的发育、存活和繁殖情况.结果表明,烟粉虱在上述3种相应寄主上从卵发育到成虫的存活率分别为2 3 4 9%、8 83%和5 81% ;发育时间以在美丽变叶木上最短,为2 2 17d ,彩叶变叶木上最长,为31 2 5d ,差异显著;成虫寿命在彩叶变叶木上最长,为12 39d ,美丽变叶木上最短,为6 93d ;在相应寄主上的平均单雌产卵量分别为30 85、2 7 87和72 4 5粒;在撒金变叶木上的内禀增长率(rm)最大,为0 0 4 4 9.综合比较该试验中的3种变叶木,撒金变叶木是烟粉虱种群生长发育较适宜的寄主

Abstract:Spatial distribution patterns of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis (Hendel), male adults in two species of fruit were analyzed by some distribution parameters. The results showed that the male adults trapped by attractor in orchards of star fruit and guava distributed in groups in space and the individuals interfered each other. The spatial distribution pattern affected by the density of the male was randomly at high density and most randomly, partly aggregative at low density.

Abstract:The niches of the dominant species of spiders and their target pests including rice plant hoppers and leafhoppers were studied. The results indicated that the increase or decrease in the value of niche breadth of spiders followed those of the pests. It was showed that there was a close relationship between the spiders and their preys. The indices of niche breadth and niche overlap of spiders in the late rice fields were larger than those of the spiders in the early rice fields. A phenomenon of alternation was found in the indices of niche breadth and niche overlap among the spiders in the different development periods of rice. An explanation to alterative phenomenon and followed phenomenon was discussed in the paper as well.

Abstract:The chromatographic peak distinction of 13 secondary compounds from two types of rice varieties were investigated by using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The result of multiple regression analysis was showed that peak 1, peak 2, peak 8 and peak 12 were major secondary compounds to affect the variety resistance to brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) biotype II, whereas peak 3, peak 4, peak 5, peak 9, peak 11 and peak 12 were major secondary compounds to Bangladesh biotype of BPH. Two regression equations among the area values of the chromatographic peaks and the BPH-resistant level of rice variety to different biotypes were obtained. It was demonstrated that the resistant activity of rice varieties to different BPH biotypes was closely associated with qualitative and quantitative combinations of the secondary compounds. These secondary compounds were suggested to be used as the marks to evaluated and identified the rice variety resistance to different biotypes of BPH.

Abstract:测定了葫芦素B对甜菜夜蛾1～3龄幼虫取食和成虫产卵的影响.结果表明,当质量浓度达到16 0 0 μg·mL-1时,葫芦素B对1龄幼虫有拒食作用,并降低其存活率,干扰作用控制指数(IIPC)为0 70 0 ;在相同质量浓度下,葫芦素B抑制成虫产卵,产卵抑制率达5 5 5 % ,IIPC为0 4 4 5 .

Abstract:A polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to amplify ribosomal DNA containing 5.8 S gene and internal transcribed spacer region 1(ITS1). According to the difference between the sequences of internal transcribed spacer region 1(ITS1) of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B.mucronatus, the species of specific primers were designed respectively for the two species nematodes. A single nematode, living or preserved in formalin, could be detected rapidly, and B.xylophilus and B.mucronatus were distinguished as well. This method would be useful for rapid detection of nematodes.

Abstract:In order to reveal the relationship between plant diversity and AM fungi, the diversities of vegetation and AM fungi in three subtropical grassland ecosystems were investigated. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between AM fungi diversities of three grasslands, but significant difference was observed between plant diversities, with the Shannon-Weiner diversity indexes of 0.460, 0.614 and 1.703, respectively. The spore densities of three grasslands were 4.7, 2.1 and 5.2 g~(-1), respectively. This indicated that plant diversity was higher in the grassland with higher AM fungal spore density. The coefficient between plant diversity and spore density was 0.658(P<0.01), and that between plant species richness and spore density was 0.543(P<0.05). The present research showed that spore density is one important AM fungal factor influencing plant diversity

Abstract:为从分子水平研究枇杷成花的机理，通过分析植物花分生组织决定基因LEAFY(LFY)同源基因的保守区序列，设计了1对简并引物，用PCR方法从枇杷栽培品种‘早钟6号’基因组DNA中扩增出1个1317bp的片段，把该片段克隆到pUCm-T载体，测序和序列分析结果表明获得了枇杷LFY同源基因(ejLFY)3’端的1个片段，该片段有1个911bp的内含子，编码区共编码130个氨基酸，其序列已经在GenBank中登记(登录号为AY551183)．在GenBank中进行同源性搜索，发现该基因片段与其他作物中已经报道的LFY同源基因的同源性大都在94％以上，特别是与同属于蔷薇科的苹果的同源性最高，达到98％的同源性，推测它们具有相似的功能．

Abstract:从堆肥、牛粪、马粪、土壤等样品中共分离出35株微生物菌株，其中的1株霉菌F10表现出最高酶活力．对比研究发现，F10在固体发酵实验中具有接近于绿色木霉AS3.3711的酶活力，而在液体发酵实验中则高于绿色木霉AS3．3711．研究结果表明，当碳源物质为羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、氮源物质为硝酸铵时，F10具有最佳产酶效果，产酶时间为48～84h；当pH为5．0，温度在40～60℃时，相应的滤纸酶活力、CMC酶活力及棉花酶活力最高为16．6、43．6、0、4U／g；而当pH位于4．0～5．0，温度为50℃时，相应的滤纸酶活力、CMC酶活力及棉花酶活力最高分别为9．1、29．5、0．25U/g；当温度超过60℃时，酶活力急剧下降．该研究可为生物肥料工业和发酵饲料工业的微生物学研究提供借鉴方法．

Abstract:The effect of high-voltage electrostatic field on the germinating energy, dehydrogenase and POD activities, soluble protein content and super-weak luminescence for Chinese cabbage and cucumber imbibed seeds treated with different dosages was looked at. The test results indicated that high-voltage electrostatic field had obvious effect in improving seed vigor and seed germination, and the super-weak luminescence of seeds treated with high-voltage electrostatic field became significantly stronger. The changes in super-weak luminescence, physiological and biochemical indices showed significant correlation, indicating that super-weak luminescence could be an accurate, fast and sensitive physical means in choosing the optimal electric field treatment dose for seeds.

Abstract:According to the investigation of the plant resource in Lechang City of Guangdong Province, 38 species of rare and endangered plants belonging to 24 families and 34 genera are found. This paper analyzed the floristic composition and distribution characters. On the basis of the research, the authors put forward the corresponding conserved policies of the rare and endangered plants.

Abstract:There are 132 species of wild seed plants in Bajie Wetland Nature Reserve of Xizang, China, which belong to 104 genera and 43 families. Among them, 2 families, 3 genera, 3 species belong to gymnosperms; 35 families, 82 genera, 102 species belong to dicotyledoneae and 6 families, 19 genera,27 species belong to monocotyledoneae. In the flora, the geographic distribution of seed plants in this area can be divided into 7 types, which comprise 66 genera of the temperate, 12 genera of the tropic and 26 genera of the cosmopolitan. Floristic analysis indicates that the flora of this area is poor. As its component, at the generic level the temperature and cosmopolitan elements, especially the medium or small ones, dominate. At the specific level there are rich endemic species and herbaceous species of different life forms. The study provides the information for the management and conservation of plant resources in this area and for the revision of "Flora of Xizang".

Abstract:Floristic composition of the montane elfin forest in Shimentai Nature Reserve, Guangdong, was analyzed based on community survey data. Field survey indicated that the community was simple in structure and composition, with 57 families of vascular plants including 108 genera and 162 species. Dominant families of the flora were Lauraceae, Theaceae, Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Fagaceae, Rubiaceae and Aquifoliaceae, most of which are tropical-and-subtropical. As for generic distribution, dominant geographical elements were tropical-subtropical genera (68.42%) and temperate genera (27.37%), and most of the floristic elements were tropical-subtropical.

Abstract:A fertilizer experiment was carried out to study the effects of micronutrients on the growth of Eucalyptus urophylla on a seriously eroded hilly land where soils are developed from granite. Results showed that deficiency of micronutrients had a negative effect on tree growth of E. urophylla incoordinately, especially while boron (B) was absent. Tree height and DBH growth under all nutrients treatment had 73.5% and 130.2% higher than those in the B deficient treatment at 4.5 years after planting, respectively. Without B application, tree grew very slowly and had very typical B deficient symptoms, such as bad tissue of young branches, emergence of multiple buds in axillary, and unusual growth of stems and branches.

Abstract:主要探讨精子活动促进剂对水牛Bubalus bubalis卵母细胞体外受精及随后胚胎发育的影响. 来自屠宰场水牛卵巢的卵母细胞和卵丘细胞复合体,在体积分数为5%CO2 的培养箱中培养24～26 h,然后通过体外受精测定其受精和胚胎发育能力. 试验1解冻的精子用50 g/mL的胰蛋白酶处理30 min,然后进行受精;试验2受精在含不同浓度咖啡因 (0, 2.5, 5.0 和 10.0 mmol/L)的受精液中进行;试验3在含不同浓度的钙离子载体A23187 (0, 0.1, 1.0 和 2.5 μmol/L)的受精液中进行体外受精;试验4在PHE、咖啡因和A23187不同组合(空白, PHE, PHE+2.5 mmol/L咖啡因+2.5 μmol/L A23187和PHE+2.5 μmol/L A23187) 的受精液中进行体外受精. 试验结果表明,精子用胰蛋白酶处理后的受精卵囊胚发育率显著下降 (12.5%和2.6%,P<0.05),而用咖啡因和钙离子载体A23187处理,对卵母细胞的卵裂率和囊胚发育率没有明显影响. 在体外受精中PHE和钙离子载体的组合使用能提高受精卵的胚胎发育率,而高浓度的咖啡因则降低卵母细胞的卵裂率和胚胎发育率.

Abstract:为探讨甘氨酰谷氨酰胺(Gly Gln)对猪离体骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和分泌IGF 1的作用,取10日龄仔猪的半腱肌和背最长肌,将分离出的半腱肌卫星细胞和背最长肌卫星细胞分别按2×10 5mL-1密度接种于培养板上,采用浓度为0 6、1 2和2 4mmol/L的Gly Gln处理离体培养的猪半腱肌和背最长肌卫星细胞,观察Gly Gln对离体骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和分泌IGF 1的影响.结果表明:用上述浓度的Gly Gln处理细胞,对离体培养的猪半腱肌卫星细胞的增殖有显著促进作用(P <0 0 5 ) ,而对离体培养的猪背最长肌卫星细胞的增殖有极显著的促进作用(P <0 0 1) ;同时发现:添加0 6mmol/LGly Gln对猪背最长肌卫星细胞分泌IGF 1有显著的促进作用,提示:不同浓度的Gly Gln对猪离体骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖均有促进作用,但不同部位的骨骼肌卫星细胞对Gly Gln的反应性不同

Abstract:溴氰菊酯是牛、羊体表常用驱虫药，为了探索动物组织中溴氰菊酯的残留检测方法，本试验选用GC-ECD检测法配合SE-52弹性石英毛细管柱检测溴氰菊酯．以高纯氮气为载气；流速15psi；进样口温度280℃；检测器温度300℃；补充气为氮气30mL/min；升温程序80℃保持1min，再以10℃／min升高到280℃保持20min．采用乙醚-石油醚(1：1，体积比)提取液提取山羊组织中的溴氰菊酯，用5只硅胶填充固相萃取柱净化提取液，以乙醚-石油醚(1：2，体积比)20mL洗脱药物，氮气流水浴吹干浓缩样品，气相色谱检测药物浓度．结果表明，山羊组织中溴氰菊酯在1～200ng/g线性范围内，本方法回收率为98．18％，检测限为1ng/g．该方法可用于山羊组织样品中溴氰菊酯残留的提取和测定．

Abstract:By means of multivariate statistical methods, the sampling data from farm produce wholesale market in Shenzhen City were used to analyze in this paper. Based on the construction of vegetable variety pollution dynamic response coefficient and cumulative influence coefficient, the concept of vegetable variety security index is presented, which was used to establish the vegetable variety security control system.

Abstract:The sufficient and necessary conditions for the AOR methods convergence when A is a singular matrix is presented in the paper.

Abstract:用保守引物扩增鲁道夫对盲囊线虫Contracaecum rudolphii姊妹种和C．septentrionale rDNA第一内转录间隔区(ITS-1)片段并纯化，根据鲁道夫对盲囊线虫A、鲁道夫对盲囊线虫B和C．septentrionale rDN ITS-1序列，选用限制性内切酶Msp Ⅰ和Nsi Ⅰ酶切，酶切产物用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析．结果经Msp Ⅰ酶切后，鲁道夫对盲囊线虫姊妹种与C．septentrionale表现出不同的条带；经Nsi Ⅰ酶切后，鲁道夫对盲囊线虫B和C．septentrionale结果一致，与鲁道夫对盲囊线虫A不同．用MspI可以鉴定出C．septentrionale，用Nsi Ⅰ可以鉴定出鲁道夫对盲囊线虫A，2个限制性内切酶合用可以将鲁道夫对盲囊线虫A、鲁道夫对盲囊线虫B以及C．septentrionale分别鉴定出来．根据鲁道夫对盲囊线虫A、鲁道夫对盲囊线虫B以及C．septentrionale rDNA ITS-1基因序列建立的鲁道夫对盲囊线虫姊妹种PCR-RFIP鉴别技术能够对鲁道夫对盲囊线虫姊妹种进行准确、特异和简便的鉴别．

Abstract:利用屠宰场猪卵巢卵母细胞经体外成熟、体外受精后,体外培育至囊胚阶段,并以体外生产的猪囊胚细胞数来衡量囊胚质量.试验共对5 84 9枚猪卵母细胞进行体外成熟、体外受精,其中3974枚卵母细胞在体外受精后发生卵裂,卵裂率为6 6 4 %±1 6 % ,2 136枚发育形成囊胚,占卵裂胚数的5 6 2 %±2 4 % ,占卵母细胞数的36 7%±1 3% ;检查了98枚囊胚,其平均细胞数为4 1 6±1 8;另外又检查了4 7枚囊胚,其平均内细胞团细胞数为3 85±0 5 6、滋养层细胞数为4 4 70±2 87.

Abstract:The content of rotenone in leaves of Tephrosia vogelii and the extract time were determined by extracting purple variety leaves of T. vogelii repeatedly with benzene and chloroform as solvents by cold dipping method. It was showed that the precise content of rotenone in T. vogelii leaves was 0.69%. When the leaves of T.vogelii were extracted for 2 times and 3 times with benzene by cold dipping, for 2 days each, the extract rate of rotenone was 66.37% and 76.47%, respectively.

Abstract:Four speciesa rereportedas new records to Guangdong Province ,China .They are Aegilopstauschii Coss.(Poaceae) , Eragrostisautumnalis Keng (Poaceae) ,Crotalarianana Burm .f.var.patula Grah .exBaker (Fabaceae)and Uvariaton kinensis Finetet Gagnep .(Annonaceae) .