Abstract:This paper analyzed the relationship between the rice yields of Vietnam and Thailand, and global monthly average temperature of the sea surface and the height of 500 hPa. To separate the trends yield and meteorological yield, eleven different statistical methods were adopted. According to relevant widespread investigations, the regression models of different meteorological yield and the sea surface temperature and the circulation were built up by using step regression method based on the coefficient. The result of the tendency yield and meteorological yield estimated through growth curve method of Vietnam and Thailand are preferable by statistical testing. Based on the physical significance of the regression model, the yield in 2002 was predicted and the error was only 2%-5%. The results may be applied in practice.

Abstract:The dynamic of dry matter accumulation and distribution of various plant parts, the correlation between them with the yield, and their heterosis by comparing the hybrids to their male-parent from the level of per stem during the panicle heading to grain filling in 25 two-line hybrid rices were studied. The results showed: The variability of the dry matter accumulation and distribution was different among each hybrid, match on the whole, dry matter accumulation of leaf and stem-sheath was the greatest at flowering stage, while that of panicle and stem-plant peaked at the end of filling stage. The proportion of dry matter of leaf and stem-sheath of most hybrids appeared downtrend from the day of panicle heading, while that of panicle ascended at all times. Stem-sheath was the main dry matter storage organ from the 1 to 7 days after heading, while panicle changed into the main dry matter storage organ at 14 days after heading. The correlation between per panicle yield with leaf dry matter after heading was positive, and the correlation coefficient was high from 1 to 7 days. The correlation between per panicle yield with stem-sheath dry matter at 1 day was positive too, while it changed into negative from 7 days after heading. The correlation between per panicle yield with panicle dry matter and the whole stem-plant parts after heading were positive. The correlation between per panicle with dry matter distribution of various plant parts after heading was basically consistent with that of dry matter accumulation. Dry matter accumulation of leaf, stem-sheath, stem-plant of most hybrid matches appeared negative male-parent heterosis, while that of panicle showed positive, and male-parent heterosis of per stem grain yield and seed-setting rate appeared different on the basis of different hybrids.

Abstract:Some physiological characteristics of new rice varieties after space mutation in flags related to translocation of photosynthate were compared with their original cultivars in the stage of grain filling. The activity of ATPase was increased. The activity of FBPase was decresed. The accumulation of sucrose content in the daytime was lower. The accumulation of starch content in the daytime was higher. The total photosynthate transported out from leaves in the night time was higher. (1 000)-grain mass and filled grain mass per spike of rice were positively correlated to the starch increase of flags in the morning and the total photosynthate decrease of flags in the night, but negatively correlated to the sucrose increase of flags in the morning.

Abstract:为了分析硝酸盐氮对紫背浮萍氨耐受能力的影响，该文通过在4个系列氨氮培养液中加入不同水平硝酸盐氮，研究了不同情况下紫背浮萍相对生长速率、叶面积等的变化．研究结果表明，在没有硝酸盐氮的情况下，紫背浮萍的相对增长速率和叶状体大小随氨浓度增加而逐渐降低，能够耐受的最大氨质量浓度约为400mg/L[ρ(NH4^ -N)]．在硝酸盐存在情况下，紫背浮萍生长则可耐受500mg/L[ρ(NH4^ -N)]，并且相同氨氮质量浓度下，硝酸盐存在使紫背浮萍相对增长速率和叶状体面积均增加．从该研究结果来看，水中硝酸盐氮的存在可提高紫背浮萍对氨的耐受性．

Abstract:Two genes, the replicase gene from Banana bunchy top virus and coat protein gene from Cucumber mosaic virus, were firstly fused together with PCR, and were inserted into a plant expression vector-pBI121. The plant expression vector was transformed to Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404. As a result, the engineered agrobacteria containing pBI121.FBC were gotten, and would be further used to develop a engineering banana variety resistant to two kinds of viruses.

Abstract:Two techniques, radicel-soaking and seedling root-cutting inoculation, were established according to the effects of disease rate in seedling stage for evaluation of resistance of yardlong bean (Vigna sesquipedalis) to fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxsporum f. sp. tracheiphilum). 28 lines were screened for resistance against this pathogen. The results showed that root-cutting inoculation method was suitable for evaluating the resistance of yardlong bean seedling. Among 28 lines, there were 3 resisitant, 12 middle, 8 susceptible and 5 high susceptible. The line Fengchan No2 was the resistant with good pod quality.

Abstract:在室内测试了6个温度对球孢白僵菌一菌株(分离自小猿叶成虫)的产孢量、孢子萌发率和菌落生长的影响.结果表明,在17～26℃温度范围内,球孢白僵菌的产孢量、孢子萌发率和菌落生长速率(菌落直径扩展)均随着温度的升高而增大.在26℃条件下,各项生物学指标均达到最高,即产孢量为6.40×107mL-1、孢子萌发率为93.19%、菌落直径为22.80mm.在23℃条件下,虽然产孢量(5.95×107mL-1)与26℃的有显著差异,但孢子萌发率(91.32%)和菌落直径扩展(22.50mm)无明显差异.当温度升高到29℃时,各指标值均下降,在32℃条件下球孢白僵菌不能生长.同时还测定了田间常用的6种杀菌剂和8种杀虫剂对球孢白僵菌的菌丝生长的影响,结果表明杀菌剂对球孢白僵菌的菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用,其中多菌灵完全抑制球孢白僵菌的生长,但随着时间的推移,抑制作用有所减弱.而杀虫剂的抑制作用较弱,其中部分杀虫剂对球孢白僵菌菌丝生长不仅没有抑制作用,反而有促进作用,说明杀虫剂与球孢白僵菌相容性较好.

Abstract:通过对小蛀果斑螟Assaraexiguella(Caradja)的室内饲养观察和田间调查、防治试验.结果表明:在夏秋季,卵期(4.5±0.5)d,幼虫期(14.0±2.0)d,蛹期(8.0±1.0)d,产卵前期(2.5±0.5)d,完成1个世代(27.5±3.5)d,成虫寿命(4.0±1.5)d.卵散产,幼虫5龄,蛀果后不转果危害,成虫无趋光性.在粤东栗区1年发生7个世代,以幼虫在落地栗壳、树干等处越冬.第1～2代田间发生量极少,第3～6代幼虫取食果柄、蛀食栗果,造成严重危害.栗树的不同品种及其结果特性、耕作制度及降雨量是影响该虫发生量的主要因素.毒死蜱、杀虫单等多种杀虫剂对该虫有良好的防治效果;冬春季做好清园、剪去无经济价值的第2季花果、田间间种豆科作物、适期施药等综合防治措施能有效地控制该虫的危害.

Abstract:组建了垫囊绿绵蜡蚧Chloropuicinaria psidii Mask．实验种群生命表．分析结果表明：垫囊绿绵蜡蚧实验种群的内禀增长率(rm)为0．196，相应的周限增长率(λ)为1．22，世代平均历期(T)为20．84d，净增长率(R0)为59．51．垫囊绿绵蜡蚧实验种群趋势指数(I)为59．98，在排除外界作用因子的条件下，该虫下代种群数量将为当代的59．98倍．

Abstract:Monitoring seasonal change of white-back rice planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath), collected by light-trap in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, since 1979. The result showed that: The earliest date of collection was in March or April in these years. There were two population peaks in one year. The first peak in early rice was between the first ten days of May to the first ten days of July. The second peak in late rice was between the middle of September to the middle of October. According to the collections in the peak day, and 10 days average, the accumulative total of all days in early rice and late rice time, it was showed that: The occurrence of white-back rice planthopper was more serious from the late of 1970s to the middle of 1980s, however its occurence was more lighter in late of 1990s, even to the early years of the 21 century.

Abstract:In this study, the taxis of Asian citrus psylla, Diaphorina citri, to volatile oils extracted from its five non-host plant species and a petroleum spray oil were tested by using a four-armed olfactometer. The result showed that the volatile oils from the plant species, Mikania micrantha,Lantana camera, Eupatorium catarium and Wedelia chinensis had significant repellency effect on adult of Asian citrus psylla. Among them, the effect of volatile oil from M. micrantha was the strongest, while there were not repellency or attractive effect for the eucalyptus oil and petroleum spray oils to the pest. There was not any difference between the females and males taxis to these oils. The result demonstrated that the repellency of volatile oils from the non-host plants against Asian citrus psylla was very sngnificant. It could be possible to use these oils in integrated management of the pest.

Abstract:对广州市几种植被类型下土壤动物群落结构及其季节动态变化进行了调查研究.共采获到土壤动物3门10纲18目,其中优势类群为蜱螨目、弹尾目和线蚓,常见土壤动物类群为鞘翅目、啮目和综合纲等3类.不同植物类型和生境对土壤动物群落的组成和数量具有较大的影响.从单位面积土壤动物数量来看,表现为竹林>青皮林>松树林>桉树林.从季节变化来看,大致表现为3月和7月左右出现高峰期,5月和9月左右出现低谷期,春夏季波动大、秋冬季比较平稳的动态变化趋势.从土壤动物类群数量的垂直分布来看,随着土壤层次的加深而递减,0～5 cm土壤层数量最大.

Abstract:选用两系杂交稻的母本——温敏不育系籼稻Oryza sativa品种安农S-1、安湘S和香125S为试验材料，对这3个品种的组织培养特性进行了研究．结果表明：香125S的胚性愈伤组织最容易形成，状态也最好．以含有50kb水稻基因组片段的TAC27克隆(GLA40)和农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens菌株LBA4404组合，转化水稻胚性愈伤组织，获得了大量转化苗，通过潮霉素溶液浸泡试验，全部转化苗均表现抗性；PCR检测，证明TAC27所携带的50kb的外源片段已经完整地整合到水稻基因组上．

Abstract:为建立非洲菊花序离体培养系统，以便进一步深入探讨外界环境因素对花生长和着色的调控，对影响非洲菊花序离体培养的关键因素进行了研究．结果表明：P2花序离体后，以体积分数为1％的NaClO消毒10min，在30g/L蔗糖 8g／L琼脂的培养基中培养，先暗培养3d再转至光培养，花序可生长并着色．光培养过程中，舌状花(ray floret，rf)花色素苷积累水平不断增加，在第9d达到最高水平，而黑暗下，离体花序不能生长、着色．证明光和代谢性的葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖是离体花序生长和花色素苷积累的必需条件．

Abstract:通过正交试验,筛选了金钗石斛Dendrobiumnobile类原球茎(protocrom likebodies,PLBs)诱导及增殖适宜的培养基.以1/2MS附加8g·L-1琼脂为基本培养基,诱导以NAA、TDZ(噻二唑苯基脲,thidiazuron)、CPPU[N(2氯4吡啶基)N1苯脲]做三因子四水平试验,增殖则以NAA、BA、蔗糖、pH值做四因子四水平试验,根据L16(45)正交表设计,分别以PLBs诱导率和增质量率为指标,筛选了适宜于PLBs诱导和增殖的培养基.结果显示:1/2MS+30g·L-1蔗糖+8g·L-1琼脂+0.01mg·L-1TDZ+0.005mg·L-1CPPU,pH5.6的培养基适宜于PLBs诱导,1/2MS+20g·L-1蔗糖+8g·L-1琼脂+20g·L-1香蕉汁+1.0mg·L-1NAA+0.2mg·L-1BA,pH5.6的培养基增殖效果较好;诱导率和增质量率分别为46.00%和756.74%.在各因子中,NAA对PLBs诱导率的影响最大,并对PLBs的诱导起抑制作用;蔗糖质量浓度对PLBs增质量率影响最大,且较低的质量浓度更为适宜;筛选出的PLBs诱导和增殖培养基经重复试验,结果相对稳定.

Abstract:在底物保护下，采用三聚氰氯活化的单链单甲氧基聚乙二醇(mPEG1)对木瓜凝乳蛋白酶(Cp)进行了共价修饰，反应混合物经毛细管电泳(CE)分析及Sephadex G-75分离纯化获得修饰度为平均每分子Cp偶联3～4个mPEG1长链的修饰纯酶(mPEG1-Cp)．以三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)法与CE法作对比测定了该修饰酶的平均氨基修饰度；以-ELISA法检测mPEG1-Cp的抗原性；用紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱对mPEG1-Cp进行了结构的测定分析．结果表明：Cp的mPEG1修饰产物经毛细管电泳检测为多组分体系，最大产物峰为平均每分子Cp偶联3～4个mPEG1的低修饰度修饰酶，其相对分子质量为40712～46044；该修饰酶抗原抗体结合能力完全消失，体内活性半衰期是原酶的1．6倍，同时酶活力保持在36．5％；紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱分析表明:mPEG1-cp结构有轻度的改变．

Abstract:从树林中腐烂木块上采集并筛选出一株分泌外切β-葡聚糖苷酶(exo-1，4-β-D-glucanase or cellobiohydrolase，CBH)的绿色木霉菌株．在100mL的锥形瓶中装入40mL培养基的产酶状况最好，其通气量最佳，培养液初始pH为8时绿色木霉产生的CBH活力最高．随绿色木霉生长时间的延长，CBH的活力与培养基中的葡萄糖含量呈交替的一高一低的波浪状变化．通过硫酸铵分部分离、葡聚糖G-100凝胶过滤、DEAE-纤维素52阴离子交换柱层析等方法使绿色木霉所产的CBH达到了电泳纯，纯化倍数为16．3．CBH的反应最适温度为60℃，最适pH为6．0，Km(底物为羧甲基纤维素钠)为17．34mg／ml．

Abstract:Twelve 10 bp random primers were used to amplify DNA samples from 19 original provenances and 5 previously introduced populations of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). It was found that the levels of genetic diversity were very high for both original provenances and previously introduced populations by means of RAPD polymorphic locus rate, which were 81.3% and 99.2% respectively. Eighteen specific bands were detected from 13 of the original provenances. Ten specific bands were lost in 5 of the original provenances. These specific bands and particularly lost bands can be the important basis in the determination of provenance. Based on the distribution frequency of specific bands from original provenances, it was deduced that, although the internal populations were introduced in 3 times, the sources were relatively consistent. They mainly originated from 4 provenances in North Carolina, Florida and Mississippi of USA.

Abstract:There are 36 species of rare and endangered plants in Meizhou, belonging to 26 families and 33 genera. A name list of rare and endangered species with their distribution and concrete conservation are proposed.It provides a basis for the reasonable utilization of the natural resources in Meizhou area.

Abstract:Two species of Bolbitidaceae are reported as new records from Hainan Island, China. They are Bolbitis hekouensis Ching and B. angustipinna (Hayata) H. Ito. The new distribution site and some description of B. hainanensis Ching et C. H. Wang were added. All the voucher specimens in the present paper are preserved in Herbarium of South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Abstract:Four breeds of chickens (white Leghorn, white recessive rocks, Taihe silkies and Xinhua) with different production performance were applied to screen potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to production traits in a region of the growth hormone gene using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). Five SNPs were found in a fragment of 518 bp. In the present study a simple and rapid method to estimate allelic frequencies of SNPs in the case of several SNPs existing in the same targeted DNA fragment was introduced based on the correspondence between the heterozygous DHPLC peak and sequencing genotype, of which the accuracy was evaluated by comparing with the allelic frequencies result of PCR-RFLP. It's a feasible method because no significant difference was detected between the estimated allelic frequencies and those calculated by PCR-RFLP.

Abstract:运用纯化的肌肉生成抑制因子(myostatin，简称MSTN)蛋白为免疫原制备弗氏佐剂疫苗，主动免疫健壮的雄性青年家兔以制备抗血清，运用饱和硫酸胺沉淀法对所制备的抗血清成功地进行粗提．Western-Blot和ELISA检测结果是；当抗原质量浓度为20μg／mL，抗体稀释800倍时，所测的P／N仍大于2，证明抗体的制备是成功的，抗体效价为1：12800，且特异性较高．抗体稀释400倍时，血清抗体D450nm值为0．624，P／N值为5．552．

Abstract:Based on the complete genomic sequence of PCV-2 in GenBank, two sets of primers were designed, and genomic DNA was extracted from PK-15 cell inoculated with pathogenic materials of piglets with PMWS. Complete genomic sequences of two isolates from Guangdong Province were amplified. The two sequences were compared with that of other PCV-2 isolates in GenBank with the DNAStar software, and a phylogenetic tree of PCV-2 strains was drawn. The length of the complete genome of GZ and ZS strains was (1 767) bp; nucleotide similarity of the complete genome among two strains was 77.0%; but nucleotide similarity of ORF1 only was 57.7%, but which of ORF2 was 99.1% among two strais; nucleotide similarity of the complete genome among ZS strain and other strains were from 95.7%-99.5%, and were from 74.2%-77.1% among GZ strain and other strains.

Abstract:采用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和甘油作为抗冻剂，以海水或体液等为基础液，配制体积分数为6％、8％、10％和12％的抗冻保护液．将马氏珠母贝精液和抗冻保护液以1：2、1：5、1：10和1：20(体积比)混合后，置4℃中平衡30和60min，再于-18℃中冷冻4、24和72h，解冻后观察精子的活动状态和受精率．结果表明，抗冻剂种类、体积分数以及精液与保护液的比例对精子的活动状态有很大的影响；4℃的平衡时间对精子的存活率影响不显著，但对受精率却有明显的影响．在-18℃时，精液和抗冻保护液体积比1：20，DMSO体积分数为10％和12％的两组保存效果较好．精子存活率随着保存时间的增长而降低，但基础液的类型对精子受精率没有明显影响．

Abstract:为建立动物组织中氟苯尼考残留量测定的可靠、灵敏的气相色谱一质谱联用分析方法．采用乙腈提取猪肉组织试样，经C18固相小柱净化，用体积分数为60％甲醇水溶液洗脱，吹干，用Sylon在50℃衍生20min后，进行检测．采用选择离子监测(m／z178、257、259)模式进行定性定量分析测定，衍生物SIM的总离子流图峰面积与试样质量浓度在5．00-1000．00μg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系，线性回归系数大于0．999，方法最低检出限达2．0t,e,／kg．猪肉组织在1．0、10．0和100．0μg／kg三水平加标平均回收率分别为88．4％、84．0％和71．2％，相应的变异系数分别为8．7％、6．8％和11．5％．同时，对氟苯尼考三甲基硅醚衍生物的Ⅱ质谱可能裂解途径进行了解析．

Abstract:研究了罗非鱼鱼糜和鳙鱼鱼糜蛋白在-18℃冻藏过程中的生化变化和凝胶性能的变化．结果表明：随着冻藏时间的延长，2种淡水鱼鱼糜蛋白的盐溶性、Ca^2 -ATPase活性及巯基含量均下降，而二硫键含量及表面疏水性却增加；冻藏63d后，罗非鱼鱼糜的盐溶性蛋白含量、Ca^2 -ATPase活性及巯基含量分别降低了45．5％、100％和12．5％，而鳙鱼鱼糜则分别降低了43．0％、43．5％和25．6％；另一方面，罗非鱼鱼糜二硫键含量和表面疏水性分别增加了222．1％和173．2％，而鳙鱼鱼糜则分别增加了27．7％和142．1％；冻藏还导致2种鱼糜蛋白凝胶性能的下降，冻藏63d后，罗非鱼鱼糜和鳙鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度依次降低了65．1％和62．3％．因此，冻藏易导致2种淡水鱼糜的蛋白质变性；从上述指标的变化来看，罗非鱼鱼糜的冻藏稳定性比鳙鱼鱼糜稍差．

Abstract:This paper overlayed the coverage of land-resource-type map with single-factor-coverages of each evaluation factor separately. The spots on land-resource-type map were studied as evaluation units for soil quality,attributes were extracted from the polygon attribute table (PAT) of each resulted coverage, such as elevation, slope, soil organic material content, soil texture,soil pH, land uses, landform type and soil type. Decision tree is used to predict soil quality grade, the knowledge are expressed in quantitative rules. The results showed that it was easy to understand the knowledge,and accuracy could be 96.61%.

Abstract:以印楝素A为原料，采用氢化加成反应合成了22，23-二氢印楝素A，用核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行鉴定，采用浸叶法测定了22，23-二氢印楝素A对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、棉铃虫Heliothis armigera和斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura幼虫的拒食活性。结果表明：处理后24和48h，22，23-二氢印楝素A对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫AFC50值为6．55和12．61μg／mL,处理后48h，3μg／mL 22，23-二氢印楝素A对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的拒食率为80．29％，5μg／mL 22，23-二氢印楝素A对棉铃虫3龄幼虫的拒食率为81．16％．

Abstract:The volatile oil from Myoporum bontiodes was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifty six components were detected and the structures of 47 compounds identified .These constituents represented 89.98% of the total peak areas. Sesquiterpenes (44.71%) were the major chemical constituents in the oil. Other constituents found were monoterpenes, fatty acids, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, ethers,etc..

Abstract:应用DNA重组技术构建了表达绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)的重组乳酸杆菌．将pGFP2质粒中的绿色荧光蛋白基因切下，克隆进表达载体质粒pThioHisB的NcoⅠ和SacⅠ位点之间，构建成重组表达质粒pThaioGFP，然后转化大肠杆菌B121．从BL21中提取重组质粒，用电击法转化乳酸杆菌Lac1001，当细菌处于D600nm为0．6的生长期时，使用PEB作为电击缓冲液，对100μL体积的细胞悬液在电容25μF，电阻200Ω，电压2．2kV的电击条件进行完整质粒转化可得到较高的转化率．电击转化后Lacl001于LB培养基上呈绿色，在荧光透射仪下观察，整个菌体发绿色荧光．构建的重组乳酸杆菌能够稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白．

Abstract:A new orchid variety, Cymbidium lowianum (Rchb.f.)Rchb.f. var. changningense X. M. Xu, is described and illustrated based on the plants collected from Changning county of Yunnan, China. The new variety differs from var. lowianum by having a shorter scape with 3-7 scented flowers 10-11 cm diam, and two rather short lamellae 1.3-1.4 cm long on the lip.

Abstract:A method of extracting the fibre cell region from a eucalyptus image was introduced. After making the fibre cell slices, the color images were taken with a digital microscope. CIE L~*a~*b~* was utilized to conduct image processing for color images which satisfied extensive color ranging. The a~* and b~* are selected and clustered by fuzzy C-means (FCM). After the clusting center of various color cells was calculated, cells were distinguished from the euclid distance. An adaptive segmentation method using FCM clustering algorithm was employed to take out the fibre cell of eucalyptus.