Abstract:Characters variation of a special dwarf mutant CHA1,selected from the induced generation derived from rice cultivar Tehuazhan after space treatment carried by the high space balloon,were studied.The results showed that: Compared with its original Tehuazhan,the main agronomic and economic characters of CHA-1 showed strong variation.The plant height was decreased obviously.The grains mass per plant,panicle length,per panicle spikelets,filled grains per panicle,seed setting ratio,1000-grain mass,grain width and the density of growing grains were occurred negative variation.But the positive variation were found in the characters of panicle number and grain length-width rate.The flowering habit of CHA-1 was normal,but its stigma exsertion rate increased slightly while the pollen fertility and the vigour of pollen decreased compared with its original.The pollens size of the mutant appeared three types: large,middle,and small.CHA-1 was a special dwarf mutant with high apparent grain quality.

Abstract:Fruit development,sugar accumulation dynamics and fruit quality were comparatively studied between fruit from early and late blooms on the same panicle in litchi cv.'Feizixiao'.The results showed that no differences in the growth patterns of whole fruit and fruit parts(single S pattern) were revealed between fruit from female bloom at different dates.Their fruit growth could be divided into two stages(stage I and stage II),and stage II could be divided into two substages(IIa and IIb).However,fruit from earlier bloom showed 10 d longer in stage I than that from late bloom.It was presumed that the significant lower growth rate of the whole fruit and aril from late bloom during stage IIb were related to their obviously lower growth rate of the pericarp and seedcoat during stage I and stage IIa compared with the fruit from early bloom.In both case,fruit accumulated more reducing sugars than sucrose and the main sugar accumulating period was in stage IIa for fruit from early bloom and in stage IIb for the fruit from late bloom.There was no significant difference in sugars content between fruits from early and late bloom.The better quality of fruit from early bloom than that from late bloom was because the former had bigger fruit mass,lower total acid(TA) and higher TSS/TA ratio.

Abstract:试验以华南主要野生蔬菜守宫木为材料,对其毒理学进行了探讨.结果表明:小鼠经口服LD50大于10.00 g.kg-1;守宫木引起小白鼠的精子畸形率增多;守宫木30 d喂养对SD大白鼠的肝、肾、脾、心、肺、睾丸等器官有损伤,且组间差异显著,呈一定的剂量反映关系,试验表明30 d喂养守宫木最大无作用剂量组应小于2.5 g.kg-1.说明守宫木可能具有蓄积毒性,不适宜作为蔬菜长期日常食用.

Abstract:The effect of the different damage types of Basilepta melanopus Lefevre was researched on the component contents in fresh leaves of Lingtou Dancong tea plant.The results showed that Basilepta melanopus Lefevre's damage could evidently decrease the content of polyphenols and amino acid,while increase flavonoide content,its light damage could obviously increase soluble sugar content,middle damage could significantly increase catechin content,while severe damage could obviously reduce soluble sugar content.Its damage could change the component content in fresh leaves which benefited to improving the quality of Lingtou Dancong tea.

Abstract:以城市污泥和园林废弃物为堆肥原料，接种高效菌剂，应用Biolog方法研究堆肥中不同阶段微生物的群落多样性和微生物对Biolog GN2微平板上胺类、氨基酸类、糖类、羧酸类、聚合物类和其他类碳源的利用能力．结果表明，微生物在不同堆肥阶段对6类碳底物的利用能力不同，但每个阶段都是对糖类碳源消耗得最多．接种菌剂使堆肥前期（0-35d）的微生物对各类有机碳源的利用能力提高，特别是在堆制21d，微生物利用碳源的速度和消耗量显著增强．接种菌剂提高了微生物群落功能多样性和群落均匀度．

Abstract:Resistance to three insecticides of the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel),adults from Guangdong,Haihan,Fujian,Guangxi Provinces was assayed by vial residue in the laboratory.The results showed that low level of resistance of the fly population from Fujian to abamectin and population from Chenghai and Minnan to trichlorphon were revealed,but other populations tested remained susceptible to trichlorphon,alpha-cypermethrin and abamectin.In 2003 and 2004,the resistance of the fly adults from Gangzhou suburb to five insecticides was monitored by vial residue.It revealed that the resistance were not significantly different except trichlorphon in two years.Effective measures to reduce insecticide resistance selection were needed to sustain the utility of these chemicals in management of the oriental fruit flies in South China.

Abstract:Campylomma chinensis Schuh is a predatory mirid bug and attacks the small arthropod pests in the Southern China. Densities of 0.75, 1.50 and 3. 00 adults/m^2 in greenhouse were released to control Thrips palmi, Besimia tabaci and Tetranychus cinnabarrinus on eggplants. The results showed that the bugs could establish population in greenhouse and control these pests successfully under the release density of 0.75 adults/m^2.

Abstract:从采自粤北地区后保存在广州室内的不同卵块中每隔一定时间取出卵粒，一部分固定染色后用立体解剖显微镜观察、研究其发育阶段，一部分测定其含水量．结果表明，越北腹露蝗卵胚胎发育可分为10个阶段．卵从产后到胚胎发育萌动前，含水量、鲜质量较稳定，含水量（W）保持在47％-48％，鲜质量保持在7．27—7．30mg，胚胎刚开始萌动时，含水量（W）迅速上升到60％～62％，其鲜质量迅速上升到9．17—9．19mg，随着胚胎发育含水量逐渐增加，在胚胎发育完全接近孵化时，含水量达到82％～83％，其鲜质量为13．48～13．51mg，卵的平均生物量则随胚胎发育而减少．越北腹露蝗产下滞育卵，在室温（20～25℃）下卵的滞育期长达6个月左右，胚胎发育历期仅为23．26d．

Abstract:The fruit extracts of Catunaregam spinosa were used to tested for antifeedant activity against the larvae of Plutella xylostella in the study.The powdered fruit was extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and methanol,and the extract rates were 0.44%,1.80% and 17.10%,respectively.The methanol extract showed more antifeedant activity against the larvae of Plutella xylostella than the petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract,and the antifeedant rate of the methanol extract in 24 h after treatment in the no-choice bioassay reached 82.49% at the concentration of 10 mg/mL.The active ingredients of the methanol extract were separated preliminarily.The results showed that the antifeedant components were mainly in the precipitate in the methanol /water partition(V/V=10/3),and in the n-butyl alcohol fraction after the methanol extract was partitioned in n-butyl alcohol and water.Antifeedant rates of the precipitate and the n-butyl alcohol fraction in 24 h after treatment were 96.77% and 91.24% at the concentration of 10 mg/mL,respectively.

Abstract:应用分布型指数法研究了橄榄星室木虱卵的空间分布型和抽样技术．1wao的回归模型n=1．9435〉0、b=1．0522〉1和Taylor幂法则α=0．2147〉0、β=1．2958〉1表明：橄榄星室木虱卵呈聚集分布，聚集强度随种群密度的升高而增强，聚集原因由种群聚集均数A〉2可知是昆虫本身的习性所致，分布的基本成分是个体群，个体间相互吸引．在空间格局的基础上制定了不同允许误差下的最适抽样公式和判断橄榄星室木虱是否达到防治标准的序贯抽样表．

Abstract:After the determination of insecticidal activity,one Bacillus thuringiensis strain,showing high toxic to Pieris rapae,Plutclla xylostella and Chilo suppressalis,was obtained and named Bt X-2.Degenerate primers were designed based on the N-terminal partial sequence of Cry1 to amplify the corresponding DNA sequence by touchdown PCR.The amplified fragment,with the length of 3 468 bp,encoding(1 155) amino acid with M_r=130 780 and pI=5.06.The amino acid sequence of Cry1Ab X-2 gene showed more than 95% identity to other Cry1Ab,and it was registered in GenBank(Accession No.AY847289).

Abstract:The infective abilities of three mycorrhizal species of Glomus intraradices(Gi),Glomus manihotis(Gm) and Glomus etunicatum(Ge),to the roots of cassava,Manihot esculenta,and their effects on growth of cassava were studied by potted culture.All three arbuscular mycorrhizae(AM) fungi could form the typical Arum-type structure of AM after inoculation.Amony them,both Gi and Gm could produce spores within the roots.The inocula of Gi and the mixed Gi and Gm(2G) showed faster and higher infective abilities, while that of Gm had slower infection rates at the early stages of cassava growth.However,the infection rates of Gm remained more stable in the late stages than those of Gi and 2G.By comparison,the infective ability of Ge inoculum was poor.All the treatments including Gi,Gm and 2G showed greater growth in height than those in controlled treatment(control,CK).However,only 2G had significant difference from CK in both height growth and aboveground biomass accumulation at harvest.Differences among Gi,Gm and CK were not significant.The biomass of cassava with Ge inoculation was even lower than CK,which might reveal that Ge had a negative effect on cassava growth.

Abstract:One actinomycete strain GAAS2507(stored in the China Center for Type Culture Collection,CCTCC),producing a new agricultural antibiotic wanlongmycin,was isolated from a soil sample collected from Malaysia.According to the colour of its spore stacks,it was tentatively classified to the cineteus group.Based on its morphological,physiological,biochemical characteristics,and 16S rDNA sequence analysis,it was classified as a new subspecies and name as Streptomyces griseovariabilis subsp.bandungensis subsp.nov.

Abstract:Twenty eight root-knot nematode populations on Psidium guajava were collected from Hainan Province. Based on morphology, isozyme and mtDNA, 25 populations were identified as Meloidogyne zhanjiangertsis ,2 populations as M. panyuertsis and 1 population as M. incognita. It was showed that M. zhanjiangensis was the predominant species. The technology and methods of identification on root-knot nematode were discussed in the paper.

Abstract:Four species of Trichodoridae from Kunming,Yunnan Province of China were described,which were Trichodorus nanjingensis,Trichodorus rinae,Trichodorus cedarus,and Paratrichodorus porosus collected from soil around roots of pear(Pyrus spp.).Among them,T.rinae was a new-recorded species in China,T.nanjingensis,T.cedarus and P.porosus were reported firstly in Yunnan Province.

Abstract:The chitin gel affinity adsorption medium with the magnetic response was prepared by embedding method, and its apparent structure and adsorption characteristic were determined. The results showed that the powder of Fe3O4 in the medium could non-specifically adsorb non-target protein which could be overcome by being washed thoroughly in NH4Ac containing sodium-phosphate buffer,and lysozyme could be isolated directly from washing solution of eggshell. It suggested that the affinity adsorption medium could be separated quickly in added magnetic field from the solid-particles such as pieces of eggshell and sands, which greatly simplified the procedure of lysozyme purification. The purified lysozyme showed a single protein band in SDS-PAGE ,the recovery rate of its total activity was 26%, and the specific activity reached 50894 U/mg.

Abstract:A PCR-based method and a immunological-based method were developed to detect extraneous genes in transgenic herbicide-tolerance soybeans and their processed products in this study.The primers for the gene of endogenous Lectin and foreign DNAs in Roundup Ready(RR) soybean,i.e.35S promoter(from cauliflower mosaic virus),NOS(nopaline synthase) terminator and CP4-EPSPS(5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate from CP4) have been designed and synthesized.The detection limit based on qualitative PCR reaches 0.1% of transgenic content.Also,the CP4-EPSPSgene was amplified from RR soybean by PCR and expressed in E.coli.The anti-CP4-EPSPS antibodies were produced by immunized rabbits with the purified recombinant CP4-EPSPS protein, and used to develop western hybridization-based method in detecting the RR soybeans and their crude processed products.The detection limitation of this method is able to reach as low as 1% of transgenic components.These two can be cooperated to set up the standard methods for detecting genetically modified crops and their processed products.

Abstract:Endophytic diazotrophs isolated from molassess grass, Melinis minutiflora,were studied by insert sequence(IS)-PCR fingerprinting patterns and full length of 16S rRNA gene sequences.IS-PCR fingerprinting showed that different patterns appeared between isolates and the type strain DSM 1691 of Azospirillum lipoferum;16S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicated that homology between isolates and known species Azospirillum lipoferum is 97%. These results suggested that isolates from molasses grass are possible a new group of endophytic diazotrophs closely related to Azospirillum lipoferum.

Abstract:The changes of ultrastructure under scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were described in two duckweed species of Lenma aequinoctialis and Spirodela polyrrihza cultivated in ammonia medium in present study,contrasted by the ones growing under nitrate medium.The result showed that outstanding cell wall in lower epidermis became crinkly and disappeared partly in fronds under ammonia medium.The stomata on the upper epidermis opened much wider far more than ones under nitrate medium.The chloroplast membrane limiting became blurred and disappeared partly in fronds under ammonia medium.The whole chloroplast of fronds under ammonia medium presented the trending of disassembly.And the internal membrane network including grana lamellae and stroma lamellae break off.In contrast to ones under nitrate medium,more starch grain appeared amongst stroma.Based on the results of observation,the toxicity mechanism of un-ionized ammonia(NH_3) and ammonium ion(NH~+_4) to duckweed were respectively discussed.

Abstract:以活化丝素为载体，采用共价交联法固定木瓜蛋白酶，研究了丝素固定化木瓜蛋白酶的酶学性质．结果表明：固定化酶的表观米氏常数Km^app[酪蛋白]为0．092％，是溶液酶的米氏常数km的0．46倍；最适pH为7．5；pH稳定性在6．5—8．0；在4—55℃范围内酶活力稳定；溶液酶的操作半衰期为38d，固定化酶为54d．固定化酶的操作半衰期较溶液酶长．

Abstract:Study on biological characteristics of Heritiera lhtoralis populations showed that this population had a narrow colonization area of only 0. 7 hm^2. There were less than 1 500 individuals, and the number of individuals were decreasing continually. Though the population age structure was approximately pyramid-like, there were few young and middle-aged individuals, and the age structure of terrestrial subpopulation was reversed pyramid-like. The seed production of H. littoralis was low in nature, and so was the germination rate as well as the transformation rate from juvenile to adult. In addition, our laboratory experiments showed that removing shell of seeds was helpful to shorten the germination time but decreased the seedling survival rate of H. littoralis. The results show that the survival of H. littoralis population in Yanzao have been threatened seriously, and urgently needed to take effective actions to preserve the plants and habitats on site.

Abstract:以正庚烷-正丁醇-大豆卵磷脂配制反胶束，做了增溶不同量Tris—HCl缓冲液的试验．结果表明：增溶不同水量的反胶束体系稳定性不一样，每3mL增溶40-90μL缓冲液的反胶柬体系光密度在0—300s内不断变化，透明澄清的稳定反胶束体系分布在每3mL增溶0～40μL及90～130μL2个区间．增溶水量较少时，反胶束增溶含蛋白质与不含蛋白质水相的体系之间存在差别．在水-正庚烷-正丁醇-大豆卵磷脂反胶束体系中未发现核糖核酸酶A1（RNase A1）的超活性．

Abstract:从四川、重庆和广东3个不同地区，不同时间发病的肉鸡中分离出5株病毒．通过鸡胚发育试验、NDV干扰试验、动物回归试验和感染后鸡血清中抗体水平变化确定这5株病毒均为传染性支气管炎病毒．血清中和试验表明，这5株病毒血清型与北京分离的A2株一致，而与H52、H120、M41、T和Holte株不同．该研究结果证实了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒类4／91毒株在我国华南和西南地区的流行．

Abstract:以中国优良地方猪种——太湖猪为母本，用新美系杜洛克、德系抗应激皮特兰、加系双肌臀大白猪和新丹系长白猪等西方瘦肉型猪种作为父本进行土四元配套杂交组合试验，并与杜长大洋三元杂交组合进行比较．结果表明，除生长性能外，太湖猪土四元杂交组合在繁殖性能和肉质特性方面有突出表现；尤其是长大杜太的总产仔数和产活仔数分别达到14．51和13．86头，肌肉失水率6．58％，均优于杜长大（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），且肌肉脂肪含量适中（3．32％），是较为理想的杂交组合．

Abstract:以雨生红球藻Haemafococcus pluvialis为研究对象，测定了恩诺沙星对雨生红球藻的生长抑制毒性．结果表明：在25℃条件下，24h时恩诺沙星对雨生红球藻的生长不产生抑制的最高质量浓度为50μg／mL，致使雨生红球藻完全死亡的最低质量浓度为180μg／mL．随时间的延长，雨生红球藻对恩诺沙星的耐受力增强．24、48h时恩诺沙星对雨生红球藻的EC50分别为119．67和152．29μg／mL．在天然水体中恩诺沙星不会对雨生红球藻的生长造成直接的抑制毒性．

Abstract:以葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）协同作用提纯商品异麦芽低聚糖，并采用均匀设计法结合单因素试验确定了最佳工艺条件：当温度40℃，pH4．0，底物质量浓度200g／L，GOD的用量100U／g，CAT与GOD的酶活力比为15时，其中的葡萄糖被完全除去，异麦芽低聚糖的纯度由62．78％提高到85．28％．

Abstract:Baiyun region,a district of Guangzhou was taken as a case study area.Based on the interpretation of Landsat-TM data(with three digital images taken in 1988, 1997 and 2000,respectively) and GIS technologies,dynamic changes of farmland landscape types were attained and some landscape pattern indices were computed and analyzed.The results showed that farmland landscape area shrank rapidly,and mainly converted into water,town and other development lands from 1988 to 2002.The number of patches,fragmentation degree,dispersion degree and shape index were increasing,but the mean area and mean perimeter of patches were decreasing.The factors that influenced changes of farmland landscape were also analyzed by using step regression method,the results indicated that there was a correlation between changes of farmland landscape types,elevation and slope,the minimum distances from farmland to the cores of town,to urban area and traffic lines,and to forests.

Abstract:A study was taken by using the SPOT5 images of Yangxunqiao town of Shaoxing City in Zhejiang Province as an example.A GPS was used to get the coordinate of ground control points(GCPs) and sample.With the simultaneous IKONOS image,analysis and evaluation of the spatial matching error for the vector data was taken.At last,a feasible conclusion was given.

Abstract:In this paper, the normality of the family of inverse branches of meromorphic functions is investigated. First, a result obtained by Baker is extended. Second, by using the extended result, it is proved that all limit functions of the family of inverse branches of meromorphic functions f are complex constant and belong to the Julia set off, which are all defined and regular in the some complex domain D.

Abstract:A 966 bp fragment of phloem protein 2(PP2) gene in the promoter region of Cucurbita maxima was amplified by PCR.The fragment was cloned into pUCm-T vector,and a new recombined vector named pUCm-PSP was obtained.A new plant expression vector named pHZ03 in which the reporter gene GFP is droved by PSP was constructed after cutting two vectors pUCm-PSP and pCAMBIA1302 with restriction enzymes,subsequently recovering,ligation,transformation and identification.The recombined plant expression vector was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains of LBA4404,GV3101,EHA105 and A.rhizogenes strain of Ri15834 by using cell competent method.

Abstract:A new orchid variety,Cymbidium lowianum(Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.var.ailaoense X.M.XU,is described and illustrated based on the plants collected from the Ailao Mountains of Yunnan,China.The new variety differs from C.lowianum var.lowianum by having linear-lanceolate bracts 1.0-2.2 cm long,an uncommon feature in the epiphytic cymbidiums.

Abstract:Three species are reported as new records for Hainan Island,China.They are Achyranthes longifolia(Makino) Makino,Pilea peltata Hance and Celtis vandervoetiana Schneid..All the voucher specimens cited in this paper are preserved in Herbarium of South China Botanical Garden,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,namely Herbarium of South China Institute of Botany,the Chinese Academy of Sciences(IBSC).