Abstract:在筛选和鉴定水稻T-DNA(含Basta抗性基因Bar)插入纯合体的过程中,观察到1个白化苗的突变体.对该突变体进行遗传分析表明,分离群体出现绿苗和白化苗2种类型,其分离比率为3:1,符合1对基因的显性遗传.Basta 抗性检测、PCR分子检测及Southern杂交证实,该突变体是由单一T-DNA插入所引起的,白化苗性状与T-DNA共分离.该突变材料可用于插入座位的基因克隆.

Abstract:The non-hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii Hance was intercropped with the Zn-hyperaccumulating ecotype to study the effect of different root interaction on their plant growth and Zn uptake by using different barrier separation, no barriers, mesh barriers, and PVC barriers. The results showed that significant differences were observed on the shoot and root biomass, and root Zn concentra- tion in the non-hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii with different extent of rhizosphere interaction. The shoots mass of the non-hyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii significantly increased by about 25% compared with the PVC treatment. Compared with the other two treatments, root Zn concentration in the non-hyperaccumulating ecotype and soil NH4COOH extractable Zn concentration increased significantly when the roots of two hyperaccumulating ecotype were divided by mesh barrier, but shoot and root biomass of the non-hyperaccumulating ecotype decreased significantly.

Abstract:以'石硖'龙眼Dimocarpus longan Lour.'Shixia'为材料,研究了分阶段SO2缓释剂处理结合冰温贮藏技术对龙眼果实的贮藏效果.结果表明:与3 ℃对照果实相比,分阶段SO2缓释剂结合冰温贮藏技术提高了果皮的h值,改善了果皮色泽,降低了果实呼吸强度,显著抑制了果皮PPO活性,提高了果皮细胞膜透性,贮藏48 d好果率为91.15%,较好地维持了果肉品质和维生素C(Vc)、可滴定酸(TA)和可溶性固形物(TSS)含量,与直接SO2缓释剂结合冰温贮藏技术相比,该技术显著降低了果肉SO2残留量.

Abstract:The pot experiment and soil incubation experiment were conducted to study the effect of bio-organic fertilizer on Brassica alboglabra, Chinese kale, growth and soil N, P, K content. The results showed that bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase yield of the Chinese kale particularly in low-fertility soil. Application of bio-organic fertilizer could improve the accumulation of N, P, K in Chinese kale. The nutrient accumulation was increased by the increase of fertilizer application. Bio-organic fertilizer remarkably improved the soil supplying fertilizer ability, and raised the soil N, P, K content.

Abstract:The insecticide resistance of 11 colonies of oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel),collected from Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,Fujian,Yunnan Provinces to three insecticides was measured with the use of film residue method in laboratory.The results obtained from the test with trichlorphon showed that 5 colonies had developed moderate level of resistance with a resistant ratio from 27.42 to 16.42,while 4 colonies developed low level of resistance with a resistant ratio between 8.04 and 4.33,two populations have still susceptible.The resistance to alpharmethrin showed,three populations have already been middle level of resistance with a resistant ratio between 33.82 and 12.19,four populations have low level of resistance with a resistant ratio between 9.27 and 4.14,four populations have still susceptible.The resistance to abamectin showed,six populations have already been middle level of resistance with a resistant ratio between 24.00 and 10.52,four populations have low level of resistance with a resistant ratio between 8.41 and 7.39,only one populations has still susceptible.

Abstract:The effects of lighu intension and leaf age on feeding process of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Gennaidus),were studied.It was found that the feeding behavior of the whitefly was dominant among other activities and strongly affected ovipostion and mating behavior of whitefly.The oviposition behavior was not independent and occured with feeding behavior together.The feeding preference was major cause of eggs distribution on host leaves with different ages.Intensive light could induce mating behavior of male,however,the female had no this response.It also was revealed from the results that the dominant feeding behavior was resulted from whitefly as a generalist relying mainly on population fecundity for host adaptation instead of the physiological specialization.

Abstract:The SP gene of Rice stripe virus(RSV) isolates collected from Dali,Luliang,Luquan,Shilin,Yuxi,Baoshan and Yiliang of Yunnan Province was amplified by RT-PCR.The amplicons were then cloned and sequenced.Sequence analysis showed that the SP gene was comprised of 537 nucleotides.Molecular variation of the SP gene of the seven RSV isolates was analyzed and compared with that of other RSV isolates released in GenBank.Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the SP gene of different viruses demonstrated that RSV was most closely related to Maize stripe virus(MStV),and RSV has the farthest relationship to Rice grassy stunt virus(RGSV) in the genus Tenuivirus.

Abstract:用HPLC法研究了三唑磷在光活化物质二苯基噻吩催化作用及紫外灯照射下的降解情况.结果表明:二苯基噻吩在玻片上对三唑磷有显著加速降解作用,同时温度和辐照度的增大有利于催化降解反应的进行.三唑磷降解过程符合一级动力学方程,当m(三唑磷):m(二苯基噻吩)=2:1、辐照度3 800 μW·cm-2、温度为25 ℃时,降解动力学方程为Ct=53.48e-0.009 6t,半衰期为72.19 h,144 h后的降解率为73.96%,而三唑磷在光照和黑暗处理下,降解率很低.

Abstract:Twenty species of plants collected from Three Gorges region,Hubei Province,were screened for their antifungal activity against six important plant pathogenic fungi: Peronophthora litchii,Phytophthora melonis,Magnaporthe grisea,Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum,and Colletotrichum musae,in vitro.The plants were dried,ground,and then extracted with methanol.The dry methanol extracts were tested for their inhibition of mycelial growth on PDA plates at mass concentration of dry methanol extract 10 mg/mL.The results showed that the inhibitory rate to P.litchii in methanol extracts from Melampyrum roseum,Dendranthema vestitum and Hamamelis mollis were 100%,100%,and 82.35%,respectively,while that to P.melonis in methanol extracts from M.roseum,D.vestitum and Caryopteris incana were 100%,96.23%,and 82.43%,respectively.In case of M.grisea,higher inhibitory rate occurred from H.mollis(61.51%) and Machilus ichangensis(61.51%),while Phryma leptostachya and Vicia unijuga exhibited higher inhibitory rate to R.solani,which were 78.48% and 78.03%,respectively.The effect of H.mollis showed the highest inhibitory rate to both of F.oxysporum f.sp.niveum and C.musae,which were 51.12% and 61.07%,respectively.The inhibitory rate in total plant dry mass was discussed in the paper.

Abstract:对印楝素进行水解反应,得到3-羟基,12-羧基印楝素,以浸叶喂食法研究了3-羟基,12-羧基印楝素对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura和棉铃虫Heliothis armigera的生物活性.结果表明,在室温敞开体系贮存15 d后,印楝素、印楝素干粉和印楝种子甲醇粗提物溶液中印楝素大部分降解,但溶液仍对斜纹夜蛾幼虫具有良好的毒杀活性.处理后24 和48 h,3-羟基, 12-羧基印楝素对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的AFC50值分别为37.19 和 50.18 μg/mL.在3 μg/mL的剂量下处理后24 h,3-羟基,12-羧基印楝素对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的拒食率为 46.69 %;在5 μg/mL的剂量下处理后24 h,对棉铃虫3龄幼虫的拒食率为75.65 %;在3 μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,小菜蛾3龄幼虫的死亡率为61.28 %;在5 μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,棉铃虫3龄幼虫的死亡率为47.65%;在 2.0 μg/mL 的剂量下处理后72 h,棉铃虫3龄幼虫的体质量下降率为48.93 %;在1.0 μg/mL的剂量下处理后 72 h,斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的体质量下降率为41.18 %.

Abstract:To study the functions of WD domain genes in rice,eight WD domain genes were selected from rice and used to prepare RNA interference constructs for transformation.Transgenic plants were obtained from six of the RNAi constructs and phenotypic variations were observed in the transgenic plants with three genes(coded as E10,G04,and G05).The transgenic plants of E10 and G04 exhibited increase of the number of stigmas,and a transparent unknown organ was arisen from the basis of the stigmas in the E10 transgenic plants.The transgenic plants of G05 showed male sterility.The expressions of the targeted genes in the transgenic plants were suppressed as assayed by RT-PCR.These results show that the WD domain gene's functions in rice have correlations with the development of reproductive organs.

Abstract:以壳聚糖凝胶颗粒为载体,采用共价键偶联法固定绿豆乳糖酶.研究结果表明,以体积分数为 0.6%的戊二醛在常温下处理壳聚糖凝胶颗粒40 min后固定绿豆乳糖酶,固定化的最佳条件为:给酶量1.025 mg/g(蛋白质质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL)、pH7.0、温度4 ℃下固定 8 h,固定化酶活力为105.33 U/g、活力回收30.1 %.

Abstract:用多菌灵 福美双和NAA IBA对九重葛Bougainvillea spectabilis插穗浸泡处理后扦插,测定了插穗的形态生长指标、内源性激素IAA、ABA和可溶性糖含量的动态变化.结果表明:NAA IBA和适宜的多菌灵 福美双均可提高插穗的生根,促进根的生长,成活率显著地高于对照(P＜0.01);533 mg·L-1多菌灵 福美双和200 mg·L-1 NAA IBA 处理都提高了插穗叶和插穗基端的IAA和可溶性糖含量,ABA的含量下降.用533 mg·L-1多菌灵 福美双和200 mg·L-1 NAA IBA 分别浸泡插穗1.5 h,成活率达到95.6%,比单独用200 mg·L-1NAA IBA处理的成活率提高了6.67%;NAA IBA对插穗体内物质的运输不利,多菌灵 福美双可促进插穗的物质运输.

Abstract:对小桐子Jatropha curcas 访花昆虫种类与访花行为、花粉活力、交配系统等试验观测的结果表明:该植物的访花昆虫有17种,其中11种为有效传粉昆虫,主要传粉者为意大利蜂Apis mellifera、中华蜜蜂Apis cerana和迁粉蝶Catopsilia pomona,昆虫访花高峰每天有2次,第1次于花开后2 h(10:00-12:00)左右,第2次为16:00-17:00;花刚开放花粉就具有较高的活力,5 d以后还可达37.11%;柱头于开花当日便具有可授性,可授期可延续到花后6 d左右;人工自花和异花授粉的结果率分别为87.93%和86.66%,明显高于自然传粉的结果率,去雄后自然传粉的结果率为68.28%,明显低于自然条件下的结果率,表明小桐子不存在自交不亲和,但具有异花传粉的倾向,其结果率高低与柱头接受到的花粉数量有一定的相关性.

Abstract:Based on the GIS technology and terrain niche index analysis method,land use change of Baiyun district,Guangzhou city was studied.The results showed that during the process of rapid urbanization from 1988 to 2002 in the studied area,the utilizing intensity of the areas with low terrain niche index became higher than that of the areas with high terrain niche index gradually,and the development extent of land also enlarged.Urban development was expanded greatly from the lower terrain niche areas to the higher terrain niche areas;Forest,farmland,orchard were under the pressure of urban development,their spatial distribution was moved to the higher terrain niche areas;the water area increased,but its distribution was changed to the low terrain niche because water expansion required relatively strict natural condition(e.g.water sources) of low terrain niche area.

Abstract:在广东南岭国家级自然保护区海拔300～1 900 m的范围内,海拔每升高100 m设置1条水平样带,共计调查了17条样带,样地面积20 400 m2, 运用双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)和非度量的多维标定法(NMMDS)进行森林群落的数量分类与排序.结果表明:(1)双向指示种分析,按照海拔从低到高组合,将南岭国家级自然保护区森林群落分为3种森林群落类型,聚类结果基本反映出广东南岭国家级自然保护区森林群落沿海拔梯度的分布;(2)非度量的多维标定法排序进一步验证了海拔是影响广东南岭国家级自然保护区森林群落的主要环境因子;(3)双向指示种分析结果与非度量的多维标定法结果基本一致,具有良好的可比性.

Abstract:This study assessed the current vegetation and land use status in Dongguan Forestry Park by establishing database and data analyses.The results were as follows:(1) Through statistical analysis,Dongguan Forestry Park could be grouped into five vegetation types: Eucalyptus citriodora forest,Acacia mangium forest,Pinus elliottii forest,Tectona grandis forest,and Acacia sinuate forest,which Shannon-Wienner index of arbor layer,shrub layer and herbage layer were 1.53-2.22,1.30-3.13,1.75-3.04;(2) The Shannon-Wienner index of the different layers was shrub layer> herbage layer> arbor layer;(3) Using AHP(analytic hierarchy process) with the inquisitional results,quality evaluation was done in the eight functional sections in the Forest Park.The best vegetation ecological quality was species introduction section,coming next were the tree garden,palm garden,fruit garden,medicinal plant garden,ecological garden,experience garden and flower garden.

Abstract:为探究小肽复合制剂对断奶仔猪生产性能、腹泻率及血液相关指标的影响,选用120头31日龄断奶仔猪随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪(公母各半).A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,B、C和D组为试验组,在基础日粮中用5%的玉米替代等量的豆粕后分别添加500、1 000、2 000 g·t-1的小肽复合制剂,同时调整日粮赖氨酸水平.试验期为28 d.试验结果:与A组相比,C和D组的平均日增质量、平均日采食量、耗料增质量比、白蛋白质量浓度和单位增质量成本无显著差异(P＞0.05),但有效降低了仔猪的腹泻率,且在59日龄时C组和D组血清尿素氮水平显著低于对照组;B组在45、59日龄时生产性能、白蛋白浓度均低于对照组,且在45日龄时差异显著.结果表明添加500 g·t-1小肽复合制剂不能完全弥补用5%玉米替代豆粕所造成的日粮蛋白质降低;添加1 000、2 000 g·t-1小肽复合制剂在一定程度上能改善仔猪对蛋白质利用率,弥补用5%玉米替代等量豆粕而降低的日粮蛋白质水平,并能降低腹泻率.

Abstract:为建立一个植物性饲料磷透析率的体外测定方法,首先通过一个L32(49)正交试验分析8个因素(4水平)对酶促反应的影响,然后以第一影响因素为对象进行8水平的单因素试验.结果表明:8个因素对植物性饲料磷透析率的影响大小及对应适宜的酶促反应条件依次为:胰蛋白酶处理时间为6 h,透析液体积为100 mL,胃蛋白酶处理时pH值为2.5,胃蛋白酶浓度2 000 U/mL,处理时间为100 min,酶促反应温度为35 ℃,胰蛋白酶处理时浓度为 1 625 U/mL,pH值为6.5.在此反应条件下测定的豆粕、大麦、高梁、花生粕、菜粕的磷体外透析率分别为:(36.91±0.58)%、(27.28±0.94)%、(26.95±0.58)%、(30.51±0.83)%、(20.82±1.09)%.

Abstract:将体长、体质量相近的奥尼罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus 360尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾.在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的日粮中分别添加0、100、200、400 mg/kg剂量的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH),试验期 60 d,检测了与生长性能、血清中类胰岛素样生长因子-I(IGF-I)水平及肌肉组织抗氧化能力相关的各项指标.结果表明:1)在试验期间,添加GSH的Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组的相对体质量生长率(RSGR)显著高于对照组Ⅰ组(P《0.05),而且第20 d时,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组鱼体的平均体质量显著高于Ⅰ组(P《0.05);2)第40 d和第60 d,Ⅳ组鱼体的血中IGF-I水平均显著高于Ⅰ组(P《0.05);3)第20 d,各处理组鱼体肌肉组织的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于Ⅰ组(P《0.05).第40 d,Ⅳ组的T-AOC和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力均显著高于Ⅰ组(P 《0.05).第60 d,Ⅱ组的 T-AOC 和T-SOD活力显著高于Ⅰ组(P 《0.05).以上结果显示,在饲粮中添加适宜剂量的GSH能改善鱼体肌肉组织的抗氧化能力,并使IGF-I水平在正常生理范围内有所升高,从而对鱼体的生长起促进作用.

Abstract:The present study examined the effect of photoperiod on the seasonal changes of laying,plasma PRL and LH in Magang geese.Adult breeding geese were either exposed to natural photoperiod(controls),or subjected to treatments of long and short photoperiods throughout the experiment.Plasma PRL concentrations increased in non-breeding season from April to July,and remained low in the rest of the year,while LH concentrations decreased in April to July and peaked in August to September.Increasing photoperiod increased PRL and decreased LH secretion,terminated lay and induced moulting in treated geese.These results demonstrated that long photoperiod directly inhibited reproductive activities in Magang geese while short photoperiod stimulating effect.The effect of photoperiod was mediated via the secretions of PRL and LH,whose seasonal secretions coordinated the breeding seasonality of this bird.

Abstract:To study the potential value of a recombinant pseudorabies virus TK-/gG-/ORF2+ as candidate vaccine,the biological characteristics of this virus were examined,including growth properties,genetic stability,security,immunogenicity and protective capacity.The growth properties of the recombinant virus in cells were similar to that of the parent vector virus.In animal experiments,TK-/gG-/ORF2+ was safe to mice with dose of 100LD50 and elicited specific immune response against PRV and PCV2 in mice.Immunization with TK-/gG-/ORF2+ protected mice against a lethal challenge(100LD50)with a virulent PRV Ea strain.

Abstract:The hapten metronidazole monosuccinate was synthesized by reacting metronidazole and succinic anhydride under microwave heating. Identification using 1^H nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass and infrared spectrum showed the hapten was successfully synthesized. Then active ester method was used to produce complete antigen of metronidazole, which was confirmed by analysis using ultraviolet spectrum.

Abstract:Both advantages and disadvantages of CCD camera and scanner used as image acquisition equipment for leaf area measurement using image processing methods were discussed in this paper.For the main limitation of currently used leaf area measuring methods,which was that only one piece of leaf could be measured separately,a novel algorithm based on MATLAB was figured out to measure each leaf area synchronously in a multi-leaf scanned image.Results of experiments were as follows: the accuracy of leaf identification when no superposition between leaves was 100%,the relative error of calculated leaf area between using this method and weighing method was 2.43%,the determination coefficient R2 was 0.999 6.Results indicated that this method can be used in the object identification and leaf area calculation in a multi-leaf scanned image.

Abstract:By analyzing crop water stress index(CWSI) for monitoring water stress with both Idso's empirical model and Jackson's theoretical model applied in summer maize in North China Plain,the CWSI variations and relationship between soil water content,leaf water potential and the empirical & theoretical CWSI models were studied.The results showed that the values of empirical CWSI model were below the range of 0-1 frequently while the values of theoretical mode seldom behave so,and the daytime variation of the empirical CWSI model based on canopy temperature was bigger than that of the theoretical model.The CWSI models could be used for guiding irrigation schedule while the theoretical model was more reasonable due to its more interrelations with summer maize leaf water potential.

Abstract:Relationships of chlorophyll from understory plants to canopy openness,understory indirect site factor(ISF) and leaf are index(LAI) were investigated using quadrat method.Spatial heterogeneity of chlorophyll content in Chebaling National Nature Reserve,Shixing County,Guangdong Province, was also investigated.The results indicated that chlorophyll content in leaved of Neolitsea levinei and Castanopsis fissa increased with canopy openness;Chlorophyll content in leaves of Castanopsis fissa increased with ISF,and chlorophyll content in leaves of Schima superba and Sinobambusa tootsik increased with LAI.All the above variables showed significant linear correlation with leaf chlorophyll content(P<0.05).This study also showed that chlororophyll content from different species varied significantly.

Abstract:对烟粉虱卵在黄瓜上的空间分布型进行了研究.结果为:Iwao回归模型α=1.148 2＞0,β=1.423 1＞1;Talor幂法则loga=0.398 4＞0,b=1.517 4＞1.表明烟粉虱卵呈聚集分布, 其聚集度随种群密度的升高而下降, 分布的基本成分是个体群, 个体间相互吸引.采用Iwao方法求出不同卵密度下的最适抽样数.

Abstract:用酶解法对草菇原生质体制备及再生条件进行了研究.结果表明: 液体静置培养4 d的菌丝,以0.6 mol/L的甘露醇作渗透压稳定剂,溶壁酶质量浓度15 mg/mL,34 ℃下酶解3 h,原生质体制备率最高;草菇原生质体预培养16 h后涂布在再生培养基上,再生率最高.同时,采用PEG法将潮霉素抗性基因转入草菇的原生质体中,经过抗性筛选,得到了具有潮霉素抗性的草菇转化子.

Abstract:应用均匀设计法及一系列单因素选择试验优化了喜树多糖的微波提取工艺条件,比较了蒸煮回流法和微波提取法提取喜树多糖的效率.喜树多糖的微波提取优化条件是:固液比为 0.1(1:10), NaOH 浓度1.55 mol·L-1,微波功率 284 W,微波作用时间 9.2 min.采取2次浸泡,2次微波处理方式,提取液的浓缩比为5,乙醇加入量为 30 mL,沉淀放置48 h.