Abstract:The main achievements of rice space mutation breeding had been reviewed.The variation characteristics and mechanism of space mutation were summarized.Some new germplasms with specific traits and rice varieties derived from space mutagenesis were also described.The problems and application perspective of rice space mutation breeding were also discussed.

Abstract:A special dwarf mutant rice CHA-1,obtained by space mutation,was a stabile and inherited rice material.Genetic analysis of the height showed that the new mutant gene h(named as h temporarily) from CHA-1 was a major recessive gene which linked with sd-1 in a certain extent.The two genes had complementary interaction and controlled the dwarf trait of CHA-1 together;The dwarf gene h was located on chromosome 1 linked with SSR marker RM302 and the genetic distance was 5.1 cM.

Abstract:Series of experiments of genetic analysis were carried out in this paper.The main results obtained as follows:(1) The low amylose content trait in XLA-1 was controlled by two recessive linked genes.The two genes had complementary interaction and any homozygous gene can reduce the amylase content.In these two genes,one was possibly a multiple allele to Wx gene and another gene maybe a new mutant gene.(2) One major recessive gene and several minor genes controlled the low amylose content trait in XLA-2.This gene maybe a multiple allele to Wx gene.(3) The genomic DNA polymorphism analysis with the(CT) n microsatellite marker 484/485 of Wx gene indicated that the genomic DNA polymorphism had no difference among XLA-1,XLA-2 and Jingxiangnuo(glutinous rice),but the amylase content of XLA-1,XLA-2 were 14.42% and 11.59%,respectively.The results showed that there were other genetic factors which could affect the amylase content.The result coincided with the genetic analysis.

Abstract:以9个不育系和5个经空间诱变选育的恢复系(明恢63为对照)为材料,采用p×q不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)对8个主要农艺经济性状进行了配合力分析和遗传力估算.结果表明,所有恢复系中,只有航恢七号在8个性状上的一般配合力都表现出正向效应,尤其在有效穗数、结实率、实粒数、千粒质量等性状上表现出较好的一般配合力,所配组合华优航七、川香优航七、天丰优航七、II优航七和培杂航七表现出较高的特殊配合力.航恢九号在单株穗质量、实粒数、千粒质量性状上,航恢八号在产量和结实率上,航恢88在有效穗数、单株穗质量、穗长、实粒数性状上表现出较高的一般配合力,这3个恢复系所配组合华优航九、培杂航九、天优航八、农丰优航八、沪优航八、67优88和十优88在产量性状上表现出较高的特殊配合力.这8个性状的遗传是由加性和非加性效应共同控制,主要以加性效应为主.

Abstract:Genetic analysis of the dwarf rice mutant CHA-2 by space mutation was studied.The results indicated that its dwarf trait was controlled by two recessive semi-dwarf genes without linkage,sd1 and a new nonallelic to sd1 gene named as iga-1.The new semidwarf plant H2 with the new iga-1 gene from a cross between Huiyangzhenzhuzao and CHA-2 was insensitive to exogenous gibberellin,so it was speculated that the H2 semi-dwarf mutant was the gibberellin insensitive dwarf mutant.

Abstract:Nematocidal activity of methanol extracts from the different parts of Clausena lansium was determined by dipping method.The active ingredients were isolated and identified on the basis of active-directed fractionation with column chromatography,thin layer chromatography(TLC),recrystallization and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The results showed that the most effective extract against Bursaphelenchus xylosphilus was seed methanol extract,which gave 100% mortality after 72 h treatment at the mass concentration of 1 mg/mL.The active ingredients were concentrated in petroleum ether fraction and a yellow crystal was obtained and purified.It was identified as Lansiumamide B(N-methyl-N-cis-styryl-cinnamamide) on the basis of NMR data.The bioassay results revealed that LC50 values of Lansiumamide B against B.xylophilus were 8.38,6.36 and 5.38 mg/L after 24,48 and 72 h treatment,respectively.The results indicated that Lansiumamide B was effective against B.xylophilus.

Abstract:Host performance of whitefly,Bemisia tabaci on Phaseolus vulgaris,Hibiscus mutabilis,Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Nicotiana tabacum were evaluated by the models developed previously.The results indicated that whitefly populations were able to improve the host performance dramatically since continuously feeding on particular host species,but the improving process was different among the host plants.With the host transferring experiments,the improved host performance by accumulation of feeding experience could not inherit,and the host performance would return to primary level as long as disappearing selection pressure.it was implicated that the whitefly populations could be able to adjust their host performance and have its host adaptation rapidly without any transformation of genetic structure.

Abstract:Structure and dynamics of different parts proportion of erythrina gall wasp,Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim,galls on Erythrina variegata var.orientalis(L.) Merr.mature leaves were studied by dissection and determined by micrometer.The gall included three parts of the surrounding structure,kernel,marrow and lumen.The length,width and height of the gall were 4.13,3.59 and 3.49 mm,the volume was 29.000 mm3;The length,width and height of the keynel were 2.630,2.500 and 2.810 mm,the volume was 12.400 mm3;The length,width and height of the lumen were 0.826,0.824 and 2.160 mm,the volume was 0.825 mm3.Volumes of kernel and lumen increased when the gall grew up and the proportion of two parts in the gall were not constant.The proportion of the kernel augmented rapidly firstly,later the speed of augmentation decreased untill zero and the propotion of lumen augmented firstly and then decreased slowly.In the kernel,the proportion of lumen decreased continuously,and the decreasing speed was less and less.At last,6 models were constructed for describing the relationship between gall and kernel,gall and lumen,kernel and lumen,gall and kernel/gall,gall and lumen/gall,kernel and lumen/kernel.

Abstract:Two new subspecies of the genus Antigius Sibatani et Ito are described from Zhengjiang and Guangdong Provinces.A.cheni zhengjiangensis ssp.n.is separated from the nominate subspecies from Sichuan by the less developed white marking on hind wing and the broader distal cell streaks on wing underside.A.butleri nanlingensis ssp.n.is distinguished from the nominate subspecies by the less developed white marking on hindwing upperside,much broader postdiscal bands on undersides of both wings and the discocellular and mid-cell bars much narrower than the postdiscal bands on both wings.

Abstract:Event-specific qualitative PCR detection method has advantageous because of its specificity and hence be used in the Chinese detection standards.In this study,an event-specific transgenic detection method for 'Huanong No.1',a transgenic papaya variety with high resistance to papaya ringspot virus,and widely planted in Guangdong Province,was established.By using the thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR(TAIL-PCR) technique,the flanking sequences of the exogenous integration in the genome of 'Huanong No.1' were cloned and sequenced with the specific nested primers based on Nos promoter near the right border(RB).According to these sequences,two pairs of PCR primers were designed to amplify the fragments with sizes of 753 and 298 bp respectively,and spanning the exogenous integration and papaya genome.Hence,the qualitative PCR assays were established for 'Huanong No.1'.The detection sensitivity reached to 0.05%.Furthermore,this method can also be used in various organs of papaya,such as seeds,fruits,fruit skins etc.

Abstract:以自行分离的广东虫草Cordyceps guangdongensis菌种为材料,对其子实体栽培所需的温度和光照条件进行了研究.单因素试验结果表明:广东虫草菌丝的最佳生长温度为23℃,原基形成的最佳温度范围为20~23℃,子实体生长的最佳温度为23℃;光照度为800~1 000 lx时,最利于原基的诱导形成,但对子实体的生长有抑制作用,生物转化率为7.87%(按子实体干质量计算),光照度低于400 lx时,子实体生长良好,生物转化率高于9.0%.

Abstract:To investigate the phenoloxidase activity of hemocyanin from crab,Scylla serrata,and the effects of some metallic ions on it,the methods of affinity chromatography,PAGE,SDS-PAGE,Western-blot and phenoloxidase activity measurement were used.The results indicated that hemocyanin showed phenoloxidase activity without any inductor and trypsin could inhibit the activity slightly.Compared with control group,Ca2 and Cu2 could enhance its phenoloxidase activity at an enhancement rate of 281% and 273%,respectively;EDTA could inhibit the activation by Cu2 remarkably at an inhibitory rate of 78.5%.It is concluded that hemocyanin of Scylla serrata actually had phenoloxidase activity which was influenced by Ca2 and Cu2 .

Abstract:For evaluation of the plant regeneration potential of root explants,explants of root,leaf and petiole were taken from in vitro grown purple coneflower,Echinacea purpurea L.plantlets and cultured on adventitious bud inducing media with different cytokinins and auxins at various concentrations.In most of the cases,the regeneration potential of root explants was much higher than that of leaf ones and similar to that of petiole explants,and a combination of 0.3 mg/L benzyladeine with 0.01 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid was the most effective combination and concentrations for inducing adventitious bud regeneration.Although the best result of bud regeneration was obtained from culture of petiole explants,a good result in regeneration rate of 100% and a high number of 1.75 buds per explant were obtained from culture of root explants.Buds regenerated from root explants initiated roots and became intact plants readily upon transfer to a medium containing 0.01 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid.Results of the experiments indicated that root was an ideal explant source for rapid propagation by means of tissue culture in this plant species.

Abstract:在建立广东省0.5°×0.5°经纬度网格系统的基础上,从种、属、科3个分类群水平探索了广东省乡土阔叶树种的生物多样性分布.研究结果表明,广东省乡土阔叶树种约为1 295种;粤北山区的多样性格局显著突出,网格的种、属、科的多样性都最大;人为干扰对于乡土阔叶树种各分类群水平的分布格局具有重要的影响;在评价大尺度的生物多样性研究中,用更高层次的分类群来代替物种衡量不同地区生物多样性具有一定的可行性.

Abstract:Seedling and field afforestation test for 24 open-pollination progenies of superior trees,i.e.,Taiwania flousiana,Taiwania cryptomerioides and Cunninghamia konishii,were carried out.The research included 3 species' nursery germination rate and height rhythm,curve fitting using Logistic growth model of seedling height by the Marquardt method,significance comparison between species and among T.flousiana open-pollination families by variance analysis method with 6-years-old data,and an evaluation of genetic parameter of T.flousiana growth straits.6 excellent T.flousiana open-pollination families were tentatively selected.The average nursery germination rate of the 3 species were 9.1%,11.3% and 1.3%,respectively.The average height of 1-year-old seedling were 25.1,22.9 and 24.4 cm.The starting and ending date of fast growing period for seedling height growth of the 3 species came later consecutively.The differences of growth traits were significant between species,and among T.flousiana open-pollination families.Heritabilities for DBH,height,single volume of T.flousiana open-pollination family were 0.88,0.87,and 0.91,respectively,six families were selected for 19 families with genetic gain of 52.6% and realized gain of 58.1%.

Abstract:According to the sequence of p10 gene of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus(BmNPV) isolate T3,eight p10 genes of BmNPV collected from different areas were cloned and aligned respectively with relevant sequences in GenBankTM database.The open reading frame(ORF) of all p10 genes from the 8 strains of BmNPVs include 213 nucleotides,encoding a putative protein of 70 amino acids.Multiple alignment of the P10 proteins indicated that the similarities between the 8 strains are 95%-100%.The p10 genes in all of the 8 strains of BmNPVs also lacked the C-terminal structure domain when compared with AcMNPV p10 gene and BmNPV p10 gene.Therefore,the p10 genes cloned only contains two conserved domains,namely the N-terminal coiled-coil domain,and a proline-rich domain.

Abstract:将鸡催乳素(PRL)成熟肽cDNA片段插入原核表达载体pRSETA的NheI和Hind III位点之间,构建重组表达质粒pPRL-SCAU.将此质粒转化大肠杆菌Escherichia coli菌株BL21(DE3),将重组菌在含氨苄青霉素的LB培养基中培养,再经IPTG诱导,可以诱导表达相对分子质量约为24 500的重组鸡PRL.经0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导4 h后,表达量达到最高,占总菌体蛋白的30%左右.表达的重组鸡PRL含组氨酸标记,以包涵体形式存在,可经50%Ni-NTA树脂分离纯化,然后在透析复性后分离出可溶性部分.将此可溶性重组鸡PRL对3月龄的鸽子在左侧嗉囊处相同位置隔24 h2次皮内注射,能够显著促进嗉囊上皮的增生.与天然鸡催乳素的增生效果相比,所表达的重组鸡PRL的生物学活性为天然催乳素的17%至25%.

Abstract:对我国鸭病毒性肝炎病毒(Duck hepatitis virus,DHV)分离株YZ和CL的全基因组进行了序列测定分析.结果表明,2分离株的基因组全长分别为7 713 nt和7 709 nt,包括626 nt的5′UTR、6 747 nt的ORF、314 nt的3′UTR以及23 nt和19 nt的poly(A)尾.结构蛋白VP0含有保守的四肽CPRP,VP3的N端存在一段约20个氨基酸的碱性氨基酸富集区域;VP1缺少RGD(Arg-Gly-Asp)基序.DHV2分离株存在3个不相关的2A蛋白基序,其中2A1蛋白类似口蹄疫病毒属的2A蛋白,2A2蛋白与AIG1蛋白(拟南芥)和GTPase更为相似,2A3蛋白则与副肠孤病毒属的2A2蛋白类型相似;2C蛋白含有保守基序EPxxxxxxGxxGxGK(S/T)、QxxxxxDDxxQ和KGxxxxSxxxxxS/T.3C蛋白含有催化三联体H38-D69-C144;3D蛋白包含KDELR、DxxxxD、GxxSGxxxTxxxNx、YGDD和FLKR等RNA聚合酶的特征基序.基于多聚蛋白、VP1、2C和3C蛋白的进化关系分析结果均表明,DHV分离株与副肠孤病毒属的遗传关系最近,但占据一个清晰的独立遗传谱系,应将DHV单独划属.

Abstract:根据GenBankTM中发表的牛IL-15基因序列设计并合成了特异性引物,以经LPS和ConA刺激的牛外周血单个核细胞提取的总RNA为模板,用RT-PCR方法扩增出长度约500 bp的目的基因片段,并将该基因克隆到pMD18-T载体上.酶切、PCR及序列测定结果表明,获得了牛IL-15全长基因的克隆.进一步通过PCR方法得到缺失其N端48个氨基酸的信号肽序列的牛IL-15成熟蛋白基因,将其亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a上,构建重组表达质粒pET-IL-15,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,该菌表达以包涵体形式存在的相对分子质量约为33 000的融合蛋白.用Ni螯合层析方法纯化表达的蛋白.Western-blot试验显示表达的重组融合蛋白能与抗6×His的单克隆抗体发生反应,同时也能与鼠抗猪IL-15的多克隆抗体发生明显交叉反应.

Abstract:A total of 588 Escherichia coli isolates(133 from swine and 455 from poultry) were collected from six provinces and one city in China between 2003 and 2005.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 588 E.coli isolates were performed using broth microdilution method according to the recommendation of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI).The results showed that resistance rates to 12 quinolones were very high,ranging from 34.96% to 96.71% among 588 E.coli isolates.Except amikacin,resistant incidence to eight non-quinolones was rather high,ranging from 22.42% to 94.07%.Multi-drug-resistance was very severe and more than 94% of the 588 isolates exhibited multiple resistance to 3 or more antimicrobial agents.Resistance patterns were similar among E.coli isolates from different regions.However the resistance levels were significantly differed from different regions.

Abstract:利用遥感图像结合GIS技术得到的广州市土地利用结构资料,根据1990—2000年土地利用转移概率矩阵,运用系统动力学模型STELLA对研究区域内土地利用动态变化进行了模拟,并对研究区未来土地利用演变趋势进行了预测.结果表明,利用系统动力学模型对土地利用结构进行模拟和预测是一种可行的方法,未来10年广州市的土地利用结构表现为建设用地持续增加、耕地持续减少和未利用土地得到进一步开发的趋势,但其变动幅度将逐渐趋向平稳.

Abstract:The methods to establish the fruit-tree's three-dimensional profile surface and the optimum spraying location of nozzles were studied.The approximate profile surface equation of fruit-tree was obtained with one image and several imsges respectively.The corresponding location surface or location spaces of nozzles were also achieved,with the spraying distance between nozzles and fruit-tree surface being optimum or suboptimum.The simulation examples were given,and the results showed that the three-dimensiolal profile surface of symmetrical fruit-tree could be reestablished with one image,and the profile surface reestablishment method with several images should be used for the dissymmetrical fruit-tree.

Abstract:The split and the hole are two common defects on sugi,Cryptomeria japonica.They have a common feature in that they are associated with surface irregularities.A laser scanning system to detect the splits and the holes based on their thickness was developed,which correlated spatially with the profile information.The displacements measured by the laser sensor were converted to pixel values to generate the displacement profile image.Both the splits and the holes manifested well in the image.A dedicated image-processing program written in Visual Basic was developed.The defects regions were accurately located by the image processing.To identify the defects,eight recognition rules based on four features were utilized.Furthermore,a method based on the pixel model was proposed to compute the area of the defect.The results indicated that the defects could be identified correctly,and the areas could be computed accurately using the pixels model.

Abstract:On the basis of survey data of old and famous trees in the urban built-up area of Dongguan City,and with development MapObjects basing on microsoft,NET framework and C# and access database,the geographic information system for old and famous trees had been built.This system realizes the function of attribute data management of old and famous trees,the spatial information management,inquiry and data exportation as well as inquiry of inenvironment around old and famous trees,etc.This system provides a digital management platform for old and famous trees' management and protection,information reporting,information sharing,and management decision-making etc.

Abstract:By using the properties of Laplacian cospectral graphs,it is proved that two special classes of unicyclic graphs,i.e.,C(n2,n2)(n=4k,k N) and C(r,n-r 1)(n N),are determined by their Laplacian spectra.

Abstract:从广东和山东呈现花叶病症的辣椒上分离纯化得到2个黄瓜花叶病毒Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)的分离物.利用RT-PCR技术克隆了病毒分离物的外壳蛋白(CP)基因.核苷酸序列测定表明,CMV-GDLJ和CMV-SDLJ 2个病毒分离物CP基因序列长度为657bp,编码218个氨基酸.2个病毒分离物的CP基因序列与CMV亚组Ⅰ的6个株系CP基因序列同源性均在90%以上,而与亚组Ⅱ的3个株系同源性均低于80%,据此将分离物CMV-GD和CMV-TA归属于CMV亚组Ⅰ.

Abstract:用常规方法对东江流域红苞木Rhololeia championii×枫香Liquidambar formosana混交林、稠木Lithocarpusthalassica×红锥Castanopsis hystrix混交林、荷木Schima superba×稠木混交林、格木Erythroploeum fordii×红苞木混交林、樟树Cinnamomum camphora×马占相思Acacia mangium混交林和米老排Mytilaria laosensis×枫香混交林造林后2年的土壤肥力变化进行了分析.结果表明,6种林分中,红苞木×枫香混交林的有机质和养分最丰富.6种林分的土壤酸性均有所减弱,降幅2.22%~9.85%.除个别林分外,其余林分土壤有机质和养分含量均有减少,最大降幅达74.12%.

Abstract:The nucleoprotein genes of vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV,Indiana type and New Jersey type) were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and then cloned into pMD20-T vector for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.These genes were inserted into the prokaryotic expression plasmids pBCX.The recombinant plasmid VSV-IN-pBCX and VSV-NJ-pBCX were transformed into Escherichia.coli BL21(DE3) cells.The relative molecular mass of the recombinant protein was 82 000,which was detected by SDS-PAGE and reacted with VS positive serum in Western-blot.The recombinant nucleoproteins can be used as the specific diagnosis antigens for immunoassay such as ELISA.

Abstract:Put an ill-conditioned system into a suitable augmented system,and solve it with ordinary methods.Although as a whole the augmented solution may be very erroneous,the original system solution is just a local part,and can be very precise.Numerical examples showed the presented method could solve extremely ill-conditioned linear systems simply and effectively.

Abstract:A new method for image edge detection is proposed based on particle swarm optimization through analyzing traditional methods for edge detection.The experimental results show that the proposed method has high randomicity by using individual random velocity in the solution space to change the position of the individual,and that the detected image edge is much clearer and more robust by using the proposed method than by using traditional methods.And compared with other optimization methods,such as Genetic algorithm(GA),the proposed method is very convenient and has no complex process of GA with crossover operators and mutation operators.