Abstract:Based on the original paper pouch system, the author changed the method of phosphorus (P) supply, and studied the regulation of soybean root architecture by P spatial availability and its genotypic variations on specially designed paper pouch system. The results showed that: 1) Improved stratified-P treatment could represent the distribution of P in the agricultural soil, and more efficiently regulated root architecture changed. Stratified-P treatment, namely upper part was in high P conditions and lower part was in low P conditions, led to longer total root length, more root surface areas and increased the distribution of roots in upper high P part, root system became sallow, finally increased plant P uptake and biomass. 2) For the regulation of root architecture by stratified-P treatment, there was a significant genotypic difference between soybean genotypes with different P efficiency. P-efficient genotype, HN89，could respond to P spatial availability faster than P-inefficient genotype, HN112, and changed considerably on root architecture parameters, finally had higher P uptake and biomass.

Abstract:Five soybean genotypes contrasting in P efficiency were employed to investigate the effects of different P and B treatments on soybean growth, P, B uptake, and the genetic variations at different growth stages.The results showed: different P and B treatments significantly affected soybean growth, and there were significant interactions between P and B. Among which, P availability was the primary factor on soybean growth and B uptake. At the same B level, increasing P availability could significantly increase soybean plant dry mass, grain yield and P, B uptake. At the normal P level, increasing B availability only increased plant dry mass and P, B uptake of the P efficient genotypes, but not the P inefficient genotypes, particularly at mature stage. Improving B status could significantly increase the yield of P efficient soybean genotypes.

Abstract:In order to create a procedure for utilization of heterosis in flowering Chinese cabbage, a breeding method for genetic male sterile line was carried out in the experiment. A multiple allele male sterile line of Chinese cabbage‘00S107’was used as a source of male sterility, and recurrent backcrossing method was employed to transfer horticultural characters while the genotype was identified through test cross to transfer the male sterility to a male fertile line ‘Ever-Green’ of flowering Chinese cabbage. A new genetic male sterile line of flowering Chinese cabbage with 100% of male sterile plants and 100% of male sterility ‘GMS203’ was bred. The new male sterile line was applied to develop hybrid combinations. Two excellent combinations were selected through variety compare test. Based on the directional transfer program designed by the research according to the genetic characteristics of the male sterility, the male sterility and horticultural characters could be transferred simultaneously.

Abstract:With the series of field trails, the feasibility of qualified biogas slurry applied in crop production based on phosphorus demand was discussed in terms of phosphorus levels from pig slurry on potato yield, quality and economic benefit, and soil nutrient content under the balance of N and K content. The results showed that the potato productivity and the ratio of output to input were increased by 10.98%，16.54%, 18.37% and 0.9,1.0,1.3 respectively with the application level of phosphorus provided by slurry of 90, 135, 180 kg/hm² compared with the chemical fertilizer application. However, there was no significant potato yield between the chemical fertilizer treatment and biogas slurry treatments. The reducing sugar content were obviously higher for slurry application with different levels of phosphorus but no significant improvement of crude protein, total soluble sugar, starch were observed in comparison to chemical fertilization. Meanwhile, the highest utilization rate of phosphorus (12.50%) in current season was obtained with the slurry application providing with phosphorus of 90 kg/hm², and the lowest one (6.80%) was the fertilizer treatment. In addition, the slurry application treatments with the phosphorus amount of 90, 135, 180 kg/hm² could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available potassium after planting, especially with the slurry treatment of providing with phosphorus at the rate of 180 kg/hm² could significantly improve available phosphorus concentration of soil. While the fertilizer treatment only obviously increased the content of available nitrogen and potassium after planting. In conclusion, it was feasible to determine amount of biogas slurry based on the potato demand of phosphorus in agriculture production. The appropriate amount of biogas slurry application in potato was 90 kg/hm² with the upper-middle content of soil phosphorus, while the amount should be added at 180 kg/hm² in soil with phosphorus deficiency.

Abstract:Bentonite and wormcast were used as mulching material, and indoor simulation experiments were carried out to study the effect of the superstratum of pile on preserving nitrogen during municipal sludge composting. The results showed that wormcast combined with bentonite could play a good role in preserving nitrogen during municipal sludge composting. The effect of covering the pile with wormcast firstly and bentonite secondly was better than that of covering the pile with bentonite firstly and wormcast secondly. Compared to control, the accumulative amount of ammonia emission of the treatment of covering the pile with wormcast firstly and with bentonite secondly decreased by 79.58%.

Abstract:The nest spatial distribution and dynamics of colony movement of red imported fire ant were studied in the lawn of Guangzhou. The results revealed that the spatial distribution of fire ant nests alternated between random and uniform pattern, and the random pattern was dominant. The average distance between the neighbouring fire ant nests was 6.88 m. The highest increase of nest density, 0.305×10 ^-2 nest/m ², appeared in April, and the highest reduction of nest density was 0.19 ×10 ^-2 nest/m ² in May. Average nest migration rate in April was 20.7%, which was higher than that in other months. The average occupied time of nests was 43 d, and the mean movement distance of the colonies was 5.57 m. The disappearing rate of newly-founded colonies reached as high as 31.48% within the first week, and then kept below 10%.

Abstract:Bacillus subtilis XF1, which is patented and a very efficient biocontrol agent to control clubroot disease of cruciferous crops, grows very quickly when sucrose is used as carbon source. To elucidate the growth promotion mechanism of sucrose, the XFsacA gene, encoding a key enzyme for sucrose metabolism, was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Its amino acid sequence has 97% homolog to Bacillus subtilis B168 except 12 amino acids replacement. The coding region of the gene was inserted into plasmid pQE30 to construct an expression plasmid, pQE30-XFsacA. After pQE30-XFsacA was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21, which could not use sucrose, a protein band about 54 000 detected by SDS PAGE analysis indicated the gene was successfully expressed in BL21. The function of XFsacA gene was confirmed by the transformed BL21 having the ability to grow and survive in M9 medium with sucrose as sole carbon source. The data indicated that the replacement of 12 amino acids of XFsacA in XF1 strain might improve the efficiency in use of sucrose，and cloning and functional expression of XFsacA in E. coli could be a good strategy for developing metabolic engineered E. coli strain to use sucrose.

Abstract:Dynamic changes of fungi population were analyzed by tissue isolation on leaves, flower clusters and fruits in litchi. Fourteen genera of fungi were isolated, including 11 pathogenic fungi and 3 nonpathogenic fungi. Colletotrichum sp. and Phomopsis sp. belonged to resident population on litchi old leaves, flower clusters and fruits. In old leaves, isolation Cytospora sp. was resident all the year, and its isolation frequency was 43.7%. Alternaria sp. and Cladosporium sp. widely distributed at the stage of blossom and fruit bearing. The precipitation of Maoming in 2009 was 1 396.9 mm. There was a positive correlation between isolation frequency of Alternaria sp. and the daily mean rainfall in flower clusters and fruit stalks with 0.2-12.4 mm precipitation range, their one-dimensional linear regression equation was y=11.99+2.5 x (r²=0.99，P< 0.01), while there was no correlation between daily mean rainfall and isolation frequency of Colletotrichum sp., Phomopsis sp., Cladosporium sp. and Geotrichum sp.. There were maximum pathogenic fungi at the second physiological drop and during fruit maturation, while the isolation frequency was the lowest at the last fruit-drop before harvest. The rainfall and other factors together affected distribution of pathogenic fungi.

Abstract:After investigating and specimen collecting of Eucalyptus spp.die-back disease in Zhanjiang, Shaoguan and Huizhou in Guangdong province, pathogen isolation, pathogenicity test and pathogen identification were performed. The results showed that Fusicoccum aesculi Sacc., Glomerella cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld. & Schrenk. and Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. were responsible for the disease, joint infection by F. aesculi and G. cingulata was the main factor of its serious occurrence.

Abstract:Three plant parasitic nematodes extracted from rhizosphere of potato in China were identified,which was Paraphelenchus aconitioides Talor & Pillai,1967, Pratylenchoides leiocauda Sher ,1970 and Pratylenchus loosi Loof,1960, and they were new host recorded species of potato in China.

Abstract:A total of 32 295 non-redundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in pepper were screened by using bioinformatics software to search for SSR motifs, 3 396 SSRs were sought out, distributing in 3 277 ESTs, corresponding to one SSR in every 4.46 kb of the ESTs. Dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats were major types among the obtained unigenes, accounting for 43.02% and 37.84%, respectively. GA/TC (15.99%),AG/CT(11.98%) and AT(11.37%) were the most abundant motifs. Based on the flanking sequences of these 3 396 SSRs, 420 primer pairs were designed by using Primer Premier 5.0 software. 403 SSRs (95.96%) were successfully amplified and 76 of them (18.86%) showed polymorphism between ‘B072’ (the resistance inbred line) and ‘B088’ (the susceptible inbred line). These results proved that it is an effective and feasible approach to developing SSR markers based on ESTs in Capsicum annuum L.

Abstract:A new determination method of cellulase activity—gel diffusion-tissue blot was described. This paper provided the basic principle, operation procedures and calculation methods for cellulase assay, and applied this method to analyze the activity of cellulase in the abscission layer in longan pedicle during fruit abscission. The results showed that this method had advantages such as less material requirement, high sensitivity, good reproducibility, simple operation, and saving time and labor, and it is very suitable for the determination of cellulase activity in abscission layer.

Abstract:In order to study the effect of low temperature on some physiologic indices of sugarcane root system, two sugarcane varieties GT28（cold resistant) and YL6（cold sensitive) with 9 to 10 leaves were put into 0 ℃ biotron and the sugarcane root system samples were taken after 0, 2, 4 and 6 d respectively to determine the root activity, conductivity percentage, Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, MDA and proline content. The results were as follows: After low temperature stress, the root activity of two sugarcane varieties decreased with the extension of time, the root activity of GT28 was higher than that of YL6. After low temperature stress, the conductivity percentage of two sugarcane varieties increased with the extension of time, the conductivity percentage of YL6 was higher than that of GT28. Under low temperature stress, the proline content and MDA content of two sugarcane varieties increaed markedly with the extension of time, the MDA content of YL6 was higher than that of GT28, and the proline content of GT28 was higher than that of YL6. The Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of GT28 increased at first, then decreased, and the Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of YL6 decreased gradually all the time, the Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of GT28 was higher than that of YL6. It might be concluded that under the similar chilly stress, the chilly resistance cultivar could retain a higher root activity, Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, and proline content.

Abstract:After fertilization of different sulfur powder in field experiments, the soil enzyme activities and soil pH values of Vaccinium titis-idaea L.,blueberry, root zone were determined. The soil enzyme activity of blueberry rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere both showed increase first and then decline. After adding 1.5 and 2.0 kg/m³ sulfur, the activity of soil urease, phosphatase, protease in rhizosphere was higer than non-rhizosphere, CAT activity of non-rhizosphere was higer than that of rhizospere. The high activity of the tested enzymes appeared in the early growth.

Abstract:The pollen morphology of pollinated species and cultivars in apples were studied by SEM. The results showed that pollen configuration of pollinated species and cultivars was approximately similar, and its side view was long oval, and its polar view was triangular or roughly round. All cultivars had 3 colporates that annularly distributed in equal space，and the pollens belonged to N3P4C5 model. The sculptural type of species was vertical stripes with many stripes and punctures in the exine sculptures. It was worth emphasizing that the morphology and distribution of the stripes and punctures were distinctly different among 5 species. Exine scuptures could be used as the basis for identifying species according to ridge characteristics and pollen size, Xinnonghong and Hehong could be the most primitive type, Hongjiangjun and Meiguobahao could be the more primitive type, while Meihong could be the more evolutionary type.

Abstract:The foot muscle of small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor was used to construct the Fosmid genomic library according to the CopyControl^TM Fosmid Library Production Kit. Fifty clones were randomly picked from library and identified by Not Ⅰ digestion. The positive rate was 100%. Lengths of these inserts were between 32 to 48 kb and with the average length 37.6 kb. Another 8 clones were randomly picked to do the end sequencing. With total 16 sequence results, 8 of them were sure from abalone genomes. Further more, specific primers were synthesized according to the 3′end sequence of hemocyanin gene of small abalone. With the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) based screen method, a positive clone was obtained and identified as the hemocyanin type Ⅱ gene clone after Primer-Walking sequencings, Blast and phylogenetic tree analysis.

Abstract:In this paper, terminology of primary setae and pores proposed by Bousquet & Goulet were used to described the first instar larvae of four Carabus species belonging to the subgenus Apotomopterus Hope: Carabus (A.) sauteri nanlingensis Deuve et Tian, C. (A.) shun floridus Cavazzuti et Ratti, C.(A.) shikengkong Deuve et Tian,and C. (A.) arrowi yubeicus Deuve et Tian. In order to distinguish and identify different species, a classified key to species based on the larval character states was also provided.

Abstract:Characteristics of otolith morphology and microstructure of Bahaba flavolabiata, Pseudosciaena crocea, Wak tingi and Collichthys lucidus were comparatively studied, and characteristics of difference and similarity of otolith morphology in four sciaenid fishes were summarized. Results indicated that sagittas are long circle or shield shape. The rostrum, antirostrum, postrostrum, pararostrum and central protrusion are very small. Sculcus is obvious and runs through the whole otolith with many rounded aragonite crystals or sharp aragonite crystals in back. The antirostrum is bigger than rostrum and central protrusion is big in asteriscus. There are a lot of leafed aragonite crystals on the edge of wide-leaf or narrow-leaf like in shapes. The lapillus of B. flavolabiata, P. crocea and C. lucidus are spindle-like in shape, and that of W. tingi is rectangular. The ratio between length and height of sagitta, asterisci and lapillus were 1.259-1.890,1.332-1.531 and 0.643-0.716, respectively. The percentage between sagitta length and body length was 4%-6%, and that between sagitta height and body length was 2%-5%. One centronucleus and one primordium were found in sagitta and most of asteriscus, however, more than one centronucleus or one primordium were observed in a few of asteriscus.

Abstract:Standard plot method was used to study the contents, accumulation, distribution and biogeochemical cycling of five nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in an 8-year-old Acacia cincinnata plantation in Nanning City of Guangxi. The results showed that nutrient contents in the leaves were the highest among those in different organs of A. cincinnata, with the lowest in the stems. The nutrient contents of N were the highest, followed by Ca and K, and those of Mg and P were the lowest. Total accumulation of these five elements in the plantation was 823.80 kg·hm^-2, of which arbor layer, shrub layer, herb layer and litter layer accounted for 64.86%, 20.59%, 5.20% and 9.35%, respectively. The amount of uptake, retention and return of the five elements in the plantation was 151.30, 88.48, and 66.82 kg·hm^-2·year^-1, respectively. The amount of retention of nutrients accounted for 55.84% of the uptake.The coefficient of the plantation was 0.56, and the cycling speed was: Mg＞Ca＞N＞K＞P.

Abstract:Tissue culture techniques and large scale micropropagation of Neolamarckia cadamba were studied in this paper. The results showed that the optimal inducing medium was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L＋GA₃2.0 mg/L; the optimal multiplication medium was MS +6-BA 1.0 mg/L + IBA 0.05 mg/L, the highest multiplication rate was 3.4. The optimal rooting medium was MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L. Within 15 d, the rooting rate could reach 100%, the average number of roots was 7.8, and the average length of roots was 1.42 cm.

Abstract:In order to investigate the water conservation effects of Eucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis and Acacia crassicarpa plantations,plots with similar stand conditions were selected, and comparative studies were made on water-holding capacity of canopy, vegetation layer under canopy, litter layer and soil. Results showed that water-holding capacity in different layers of two different plantations were in the order of soil layer＞litter layer＞canopy＞vegetation layer under canopy. The water-holding capacity of canopy, litter layer, and the water-holding capacity of soil were in the order of A. crasscarpa plantation E.urophylla×E.grandis plantations, but the water-holding capacity of layer under canopy was just the opposite. The total water-storage capacity both above ground and soil in E.urophylla×E.grandis and A. crasscarpa plantation were 1 852.82 and 1 917.72 t/hm² respectively， and the total value of water conservation for the two plantations were 1 241.39 and 1 284.87 yuan/hm², respectively.

Abstract:Effects of sediment on lake ecosystem were studied by using enclosures. Eight enclosures were set up in Lake Donghu. Enclosure E1-E4 used sediment from eutrophic station I and enclosure E5-E8 used sediment from oligotrophic station Ⅲ. Lake water was pumped into enclosures E1,E2 and E5,E6,tap water was added into other four enclosures. The experiments lasted for about two and a half months. The results showed that pH,TN and TP were significantly higher in E1-E4 than those in E5-E8. Microsytis bloomed continuously in enclosures E1-E4 since August E1-E4 had much higher phytoplankton biomass than enclosures E7,E8 where no blooms were formed. E5,E6 had Microsystis blooms only for a short period of time.The index of ploytoplankton biodiversity was much lower in E1-E4 enclosure than that of E7,E8 enclosure. The above results indicated that the effect of sediments on shallow water ecosystem was much higher than water column,and the threshold TP value for Microsytis blooms was probably between 0.06-0.10 mg/L,i.e. between the average TP contents in E5,E6 and E7,E8.

Abstract:The trial was divided into one control group and three tested ones. Each group was in triaplicate. Gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio ［initial mass of (78.31±2.15)g］ with fifty for every pond were fed with control diet in control group and tested ones were control diet with chitosan of 0.25%,0.50% and 1.00% in three tested groups below indoor temperature respectively. Muscle components were determined with national standard Method. The digestibilities of the dietary general energy and nutriment were determined by the indirect way of external indicator Cr₂O₃ and the survive ratio,the specific growth rate (SGR),the feed coefficient，the protein efficiency，protein retention, RNA/DNA ratio in white muscle were measured in order to investigate influence of the chitosan on the digestibilities and the utilization of the dietary nutriments and general energy of gibel carp after 64 d feeding period. Results showed that the supplement with 0.50% or more chitosan could improve the SGR,protein digestibility，the RNA/DNA ratio in white muscle (P<0.05) and decrease the fat digestibility of gibel carp respectively (P<0.05). The supplement with 0.50% chitosan could improve the protein efficiency，protein retention and the digestibility of the dietary general energy (P<0.05) and decrease the feed coefficient of the fish respectively (P<0.05). The supplement with 0.25% and 0.50% chitosan could improve ash content in muscle (P<0.05). Therefore,the supplement with 0.50% chitosan in gibel carp diet could improve the growth and the digestibilities of the dietary nutriments and general energy and decrease the feed coefficient of gibel carp.

Abstract:Fourteen healthy pigs were divided into two groups of 7 pigs each. The pigs in group A were orally administrated with single dose of florfenicol powder at 30 mg/kg. The pigs in group B were also orally administrated with single dose of florfenicol granule at 30 mg/kg. Comparative study on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol powder and florfenicol granule was carried out. Plasma concentration of florfenicol was determined by HPLC. The concentration-time data of florfenicol were analyzed by non-compartmental model based on pharmacokinetic software WinNonlin 5.2.1. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of powder following oral administration were: t_1/2β=（10.22±0.18）h，k_e=（0.07±0.01）h^-1，t_max=（1.67±0.48）h，C_max=（24.68±1.13）μg·mL^-1，AUC=（190.97±16.60）μg·mL^-1·h，MRT=(8.33±0.42)h，t_cp=（17.66±1.52）h. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of granule following oral administration were : t_1/2β=（16.36±4.14）h，k_e=（0.05±0.01）h^-1，t_max=(5.71±0.47)h，C_max=(12.23±0.78)μg·mL^-1，AUC=（155.44±6.59）μg·mL^-1·h，MRT=(14.96±0.35 )h，t_cp=（23.03±0.49）h. The results showed the granule of florfenicol after oral administration had slower elimination and longer effective time of the blood medicine density maintenance.

Abstract:A confirmative method has been developed to determine imidocarb(IMD) residues in edible tissues and milk of bovine by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The tissues and milk were first hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase. The tissues were extracted with hydrochloric acid, ultrasonicated and back-extracted with extract while the milk was extracted with extract only. The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 1-pentansulfonic acid sodium salt solution. The analyte was detected by UV absorptive spectroscopy after separation by C₁₈ column. The range of linearity was 0.01-10.00 μg/mL; the relevant coefficient was more than 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01 μg/g, and the limit of qualification(LOQ) was 0.02 μg/ g. Mean recoveries from bovine tissues and milk fortified at LOQ, MRL(the maximum residue limit) and 2MRL were from 80.02%-114.72%, whereas the corresponding RSDs were from 0.83%-12.69%. In conclusion, the established method is simple, sensitive and reproducible for the determination of imidocarb residues in edible tissues and milk of bovine.

Abstract:The lincomycin hydrochloride and spectinomycin sulfate suspension was injected into the neck muscle in 8 healthy pigs(5 mg·kg^-1 lincomycin，10 mg·kg^-1 spectinomycin). The concentrations of lincomycin and spectinomycin in plasma were determined by HPLC with UV detection, respectively. The plasma concentration-time data were fit to a non-compartmental analysis based on statistical moment theory. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of lincomycin were as follows: k_e=(0.21±0.01) h^-1；t_1/2β=（3.38±0.09）h；t_max=（0.29±0.02）h；C_max=（5.15±0.18）μg·mL^-1；AUC_0～LOQ=（10.27±0.38）μg·mL^-1·h；MRT=（3.52±0.11）h；Cl_B/F=（0.46±0.01）L·h^-1·kg^-1；V_Z/F=（2.26±0.12）L·kg^-1, whereas, those of spectinomycin were: k_e=(0.43±0.01) h^-1；t_1/2β=（1.64±0.06）h；t_max=（0.44±0.03）h；C_max=（20.05±0.70）μg·mL^-1；AUC_0～LOQ=（51.82±0.98）μg·mL^-1·h；MRT=（2.39±0.04）h；Cl_B/F=（0.19±0.01）L·h^-1·kg^-1；V_Z/F =（0.46±0.02）L·kg^-1. It was noted that both lincomycin hydrochloride and spectinomycin sulfate were rapidly absorbed and eliminated, however, the latter was more slowly absorbed but more rapidly eliminated after the intramuscular administration of lincomycin hydrochloride and spectinomycin sulfate suspension in pigs.

Abstract:Residue depletion of quinocetone and three of its major metabolites in muscle, liver, kidney and fat of swine were determined in this study. Quinocetone was administered to 40 healthy cross-bread swine orally at dosage of 20 mg·kg^-1 body mass twice a day for 5 consecutive days. Animals were slaughtered in groups and samples were taken at different time intervals after administration. The tissues were extracted with ethyl acetate, and cleaned up with HLB SPE column. A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine quinocetone and its metabolites. Quinocentone and its metabolites were eliminated more slowly in swine muscle than those in other tissues. The highest drug levels occurred in liver for 3-methyl-styryl ketone-quinoxaline. The residue lasted the longest half-life of elimination for 39.50 h with 3-methyl-styryl ketone-quinoxaline -N4-monoxide in pig muscle. The 3-methyl-2-carboxylic acid-quinoxaline was detected only in kidney at very low concentration.

Abstract:A method was established for determining residue of pentachlorophenol in milk with gas chromatography(GC)-electron capture detector(ECD).The sample was extracted with acetone and derived with acetic anhydride.The derivative was determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detector.Good accuracy, precision and sensitivity were obtained with the method.The calibration curves of the derivative of pentachlorophenol were linear between the peak areas and the concentrations in the range of 5.00-500.00 μg/L with correlation coefficients(r²) of 0.999.The average recoveries of pentachlorophenol were 77.6%, 87.2% and 86.3% respectively at three spiked concentration of levels of 5,10 and 50 μg/kg, with relative standard deviations(RSDs) less than 9.6%.The limit of detection(LOD) for the derivative of pentachlorophenol was 2 μg/kg and the limit of quantitation(LOQ) was found to be 5 μg/kg. The study revealed that the method was suitable for the determination of pentachlomphenol in milk．

Abstract:Specific primers aiming to ORF5-ORF7 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV) were designed. The target segments with restricted enzyme digestive sites were obtained by RT-PCR with PRRSV GD-XH and GD08-1 as template. All the segments were inserted into vector pEGFP-N1 to obtain six recombinant plasmids: pEGFP-N1-GD-XH-GP5, pEGFP-N1-GD-XH-M, pEGFP-N1-GD-XH-N, pEGFP-N1-GD08-1-GP5, pEGFP-N1-GD08-1-M, pEGFP-N1-GD08-1-N.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into Marc-145 cell. Fluorescence microscopy showed that EGFP were expressed in all transfected cells.

Abstract:All of the 195 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from chickens were screened for the qnrA by PCR. Susceptibility of qnrA-producing to 8 antimicrobial agents was determined by agar disc diffusion method. Conjugation experiment was performed by using Escherichia coli J53 Az^R as the recipient strain. Southern hybridization was done with plasmid DNA and genetic DNA. IntIⅠwas screened from the qnrA positive strains.The results showed that a qnrA1 gene was identified in a Klebsiella pneumoniae GDKA1. GDKA1 showed resistance to sulfamethoxazole,ampicillin, spectinomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, susceptible to ciprofloxacin (MIC= 0.019 mg·L^-1) and cefotaxime (MIC=0.047 mg·L^-1) and intermediate to nalidixic acid (MIC= 12 mg·L^-1). A transconjugant was selected during the conjugation experiment and hybridization with qnrA1-specific probes revealed that the qnrA1 gene was located in plasmid DNA.Tranconjugant T_GDKA1 showed a little higher quinolone MIC than E. coli J53 Az^R but not as high as GDKA1. IntI1 was detected in qnrA gene positive strain.In conclusion，qnrA1 gene in K. pneumoniae isolated from health chicken might be transmitted together with class I integron to people through food chain. The presence of qnrA1 gene in health animal commensal bacteria should be noticed.

Abstract:A new species of the tribe Panagaeini (Coleoptera:Carabiae) Craspedophorus qiongensis sp. nov. was described and illustrated from Jianfengling Nature Reserve, Hainan Province. The unique female type specimen was deposited in the insect collection of South China Agricultural University.  Length: 13.5 mm, width: 5.0 mm. This new species is similar to C. obscurus Xie et Yu, 1992 of Fujian Province, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by the following character states: 1) its pronotum clypeat, wider and broader at apical half, side margins not produced in middle as in C. obscurus; 2) the hind angle of pronotum is broader and more obtuse than that of C. obscurus; 3) antennomere 1 is subequal to antennomere 3 (but antennomere 1 shorter in C. obscurus); 4) labrum and mandibles yellowish (black in C. obscurus); and 5) the fore elytral spot occupies intervals 6-10 rather than 6-9 in C. obscurus. Compared with C. philippinus Jedli?ka, 1939, which was also recorded in Hainan Province, C. qiongensis sp. nov. is larger in sized (12.0-12.5 mm in C. philippinus), only antennomeres 1-3 dark brown (all antennae dark brown in C. philippinus), mouthparts and palps yellow (but dark brown in C. philippinus), and the fore elytral spot occupies intervals of 6-10 (but 5-10 in C. philippinus). Etymology: “Qiong” is the abbreviation for Hainan Province. The new species is named after its locality.

Abstract:In order to study the features of wheat bunt teliospores to be researched quantitatively through image analysis technique, the region of teliospores should be segmented beforehand. In view of the limitation of traditional segmentation methods, a kind of K-means clustering algorithm for colorized image segmentation was proposed according to the characteristics of wheat bunt. B component was chosen as segmentation clustering features, and the termination condition of iteration was the invariance of the sum of R, G and B components for the sum of distances between intra-class pixels to reach its local minimal. An experiment was conducted for wheat bunt teliospores segmentation and the results showed that the proposed algorithm was superior to other traditional methods since it was capable of filtering asymetrical background or impurities, reducing teliospore aherences and increasing the number of segmented teliospores.

Abstract:Let F be a family of holomorphic functions in domain D, let a₁, a₂ be 2 distinct finite complex numbers, and let M be a positive integer. Suppose that each f∈F, f(z)-a₁ has at most M zeros, and all zeros of f -a_i(i=1,2) have multiplicity at least 2, then F is normal in D.