Abstract:【Objective】MUC13 and FUT1 genes are associated with susceptibility/ resistance to ETEC diarrhea in pre-weaning and weaning piglets, respectively. The goal of this study was to improve breeding of diarrhea resistance in different swine populations through development of MAS technology on the two genes.【Method】In the study, PCR-SNaPshot and PCR-RFLP assay were used for animals genotyping from two swine populations（666 Duroc and 512 Pietrain pigs）for the 2 specialized variants. 【Result and conclusion】The results showed that the favorable allele frequency (FAF) of MUC13 gene was 0.890 and 0.180 in Duroc and Pietrain respectively while the FAF of FUT1 gene was 0.754 and 0.677 respectively. Animals with a favorable allele combination of MUC13 and FUT1 genes were different in Duroc with a frequency of 36.75% and Pietrain with 3.49%. The correlation between genotype and phenotype was analyzed, and the results showed that the gene effect on traits was different in the two populations. For example, there were significantly negative correlations between genotype and somatotype in Pietrain, but no association was found in Duroc. According to the breeding practice, it is recommended to achieve purification of MUC13 gene first, and then follow FUT1 gene in Duroc. It is not suitable for marker-assisted selection of two genes in Pietrain temporarily because the ratio of animals with a favorable allele combination of MUC13 and FUT1 gene is too low.

Abstract:【Objective】 A research model of piglet intestinal microbial flora regulation was established in vitro. The effect of organic acids on intestinal microflora of piglets was studied. 【Method】 In this study, for each experiment, two 40-day-old Duroc× (Landrace×large) weaned piglets were slaughtered, and the mixed chyme of jejunum and ileum was aliquoted as 300 μL every tube to 2 mL centrifuge tube, then anaerobically cultured without or with 30 mmol·L^-1 organic acid (including formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, malic acid and sorbic acid,respectively). Genome DNA in chyme was extracted after 4 h anaerobic culture, and the numbers of the genus Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Salmonella and Escherichia coli in the chyme were detected using the method of absolute quantitative PCR. Then five organic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid and citric acid) which had a stronger antibacterial activity were selected for further study of its concentration gradient effects on antibacterial activities. 【Result and conclusion】 The total chyme anaerobic culture system was successfully established in vitro. As a result, formic acid, butyric acid, and citric acid present dose dependently inhibited the proliferation of bacteria, but acetic acid had no obvious effects on the number of total bacteria. As for probiotics, citric acid could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. However, the low dose of lactic acid (10 mmol·L^-1) could significantly promote the proliferation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and the low dose of acetic acid (15 mmol·L^-1) could also promote Bifidobacterium proliferation. At the concentration levels of 10-15 mmol·L^-1, all of the organic acids tested in this study effectively inhibited the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella and E. coli). The results of this study provide a simple and effective model for optimizing the species and optimal dose of acidifier used in pig production, and when microflora is regulated with single organic acid under the anaerobic condition, 15 mmol·L^-1 acetic acid and 10-15 mmol·L^-1 lactic acids are good choices.

Abstract:【Objective】The prevalence of disinfectant resistance genes and the relationship between resistance to disinfectants and antibiotics in Escherichia coli recovered from the swine and farm environment were investigated. 【Method】A total of 130 samples collected from swine manure, air, pond water, soil and farm workers were screened for the presence of qacE, qacE△1, qacF, qacG, emrE, sugE(c), sugE(p), mdfA and ydgE/ydgF resistance genes. The susceptibilities of E. coli strains to four disinfectants and ten common antibiotics were determined using the agar dilution method. 【Result and conclusion】 Ninety-seven strains of E. coli were obtained from 130 samples with detection frequency of 74.6%. All E. coli isolates showed reduced susceptibility to four disinfectants. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of benzalkonium chloride (BC) and cetyltrimethy ammonium bromide (CTAB) against E. coli were higher than those of triclosan (TCS) and chlorhexidine (CL). The percent of E. coli strains, which displayed multi-drug resistant phenotypes,was 87.6% (85/97), and the resistance rates of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (S/T), doxycycline(DOX), nalidixic acid (NAL), cefotaxime (CTX) and florfenicol (FFC) were high(68%-88%). However, the disinfectant resistance genes were less prevalent (2.1%-20.6%), with the most prevalent of qacE△1 found in 97 E. coli strains. There was a positive correlation between antimicrobial resistance and high MICs of quaternary ammonium compounds. The close relationship between the detection rate of disinfectant resistance genes and six antimicrobials resistance in E. coli strains was found, which resisted S/T, NAL, ciprofloxacin (CIP), cefoxitin (FOX), AMK and CS, respectively. The co-resistance E. coli poses a challenge to environmental management. Therefore, regulation of using antibiotics and disinfectants is urgently needed in order to slow down the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.

Abstract:【Objective】 The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of chronic heat stress on antioxidant capacity, endoplasmic reticulum stress and gastrocnemius muscle fiber types of yellow feather broilers. 【Method】Twenty 47-day-old yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into control and chronic heat stress groups with 10 broilers in each group. The broilers were raised in an artificial climate chamber for 30 days. At the end of the trial, the samples of blood, liver and gastrocnemius muscle were collected. Serum biochemical indexes, hormones and antioxidant indexes of liver and gastrocnemius muscle were determined using the commerical assay kit method. And the mRNA expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related genes and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) of different skeletal muscle fiber types were detected using real-time quantitative PCR.【Result and conclusion】Chronic heat stress significantly (P<0.05) decreased the average daily gain, serum TG content, thyroid hormone (T₃ and T₄), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, and increased serum corticosterone (CORT) concentration. Meanwhile, chronic heat stress markedly (P<0.05) enhanced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and reduced serum, GSH-PX activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in liver.In addition, chronic heat stress remarkablly (P<0.05) elevated the mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in liver and gastrocnemius muscle, and of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in gastrocnemius muscle, and decreased the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) mRNA expression in gastrocnemius muscle, with no obvious effect on the mRNA expression of ATF4 and GRP78 in liver. Moreover, chronic heat stress significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the mRNA expression of slow myofiber MyHC, with no influence on MyHC mRNA expression of fast red myofiber and fast white myofiber. In conclusion, this results suggest that chronic heat stress may affect broiler growth and gastrocnemius muscle fiber types by decreasing serum hormones involved in growth and metabolism, antioxidant capacity and eliciting ERS.

Abstract:【Objective】 The avian leukosis (AL) eradication protocol in yellow feather breeders was evaluated and the effects of different albumen samples from the same breeder chickens on the results of avian leukosis virus (ALV) detection were compared.【Method】A total of 2 691 albumen samples collected from a yellow feather breeders of Guangdong Province were tested using ALV p27 antigen ELISA.Seventy plasma samples were collected from corresponding hens based on the different S/P intervals results for virus isolation in CEF and DF-1 cells respectively, and the results were analyzed.PCR was used to identify subgroup.【Result and conclusion】A total of 243 positive samples were detected in this local breeder flock, and the ALV p27 positive rate was 9.03%(243/2 691).The virus isolation ratios (VIR) at different S/P intervals were found as follows: both 100% VIR in CEF and DF-1 cells of hens’ plasma samples with albumen S/P≥2.0; both 88.9%VIR with 1.5≤S/P<2.0; both 85.7% VIR with 1.0≤S/P<1.5; 60%-75%(CEF)and 40%-50%(DF-1) with 0.2≤S/P<1.0;62.5%(CEF)and 50% (DF-1) with 0.1≤S/P<0.2; 27.2%(CEF)and 9.1% (DF-1) with S/P<0.1. The PCR detection showed that six of seven CEF⁺DF-1^- proviral DNA were positive with endogenous ALV-E and one positive with ALV-J.The results indicated that in albumen ELISA detection, the higher S/P value of positive albumen samples, the more likely exogenous ALV viremia positive in their corresponding hens. The corresponding hens of low S/P value of positive albumen samples were caused by a certain proportion of endogenous virus; it is noteworthy that exogenous ALV can still be isolated from some ELISA negative chickens at the beginning of eradication. This study suggests some “misdiagnosed” and “missed” chickens may be caused by using only one method of albumen p27 antigen ELISA.

Abstract:【Objective】To establish an in vitro model of canine mammary epithelial cells for the study of the carcinogenesis and development of breast cancer. 【Method】 The cells were separated from canine milk and cultured. The cell growth curve was described using the CCK-8 assay. The expression of cytokeratin 8 was determined using cell immunofluorescence to identify mammary epithelial cell. 【Result and conclusion】 After cultured for 3 days, the cells were cloned with a shape like a typical island, and there were also a few phagocytes. Cultured for a few more days, the cells began to coalesce and form monolayers which could secrete lactogenesis drops. The phagocytes vanished after several passages. The cell growth curve was similar to a “S” shape. The immunofluorescent staining results showed that the cell of cytokeratin 8 was positive. The results indicated that the canine mammary epithelial cells separated from canine milk were highly pure and rapidly growing. This study established a model to isolate and culture massive canine mammary epithelial cells in a short time.

Abstract:【Objective】 This research was conducted to establish an easy and effective evaluation system for longan storage quality based on physicochemical indices. 【Method】 Multivariate statistical analyses, including factor analysis, regression analysis and hierarchical clustering, were used to evaluate and grade the fruit storabilities of 30 longan varieties, and the mathematical models were established. 【Result and conclusion】 The results showed that the comprehensive scores for storability of 30 varieties were obtained, including normal-temperature pericarp browning and mass loss rate, low-temperature pericarp browning and aril autolysis, which were all significantly related with their corresponding indices of storage performance in different periods. The mathematics models of storage performance of longan fruits at different temperatures were established, from which the effective predictive indices were screened and a physicochemical index database was built. It is concluded that there are 3 physicochemical indices including maturity, a^* value of exocarp and total soluble solids (TSS) content for normal temperature storability, and 3 indices,i.e. skin crevasse crack, total sugar content in the aril and flavor for low temperature storability. The 30 varieties are classified into 4 types based on their storabilities at normal and low temperatures.

Abstract:【Objective】To provide a basis for the precise control of grape, Vitis vinifera, fruit development under delayed cultivation. 【Method】 A main local grape cultivar Red Globe was planted in local ordinary sunlight greenhouse. Grape growth was divided into different stages including budding, grapevine extension, flowering, berry expansion, grape coloring and maturing stages. There were mild and moderate water stress at each growth stage, with control of sufficient water supply during the whole growth period. The effects of different treatments on the expansion rates of fruit longitudinal and transverse diameter were studied, and the correlation between fruit growth and leaf nitrogen content or chlorophyll content under different treatments was analyzed.【Result and conclusion】 There were two distinct peak expansion periods of grape fruit enlargement and the enlargement rate in the first peak was far higher than that in the second one. The enlargement rate of fruit longitudinal and transverse diameter respectively in the early 24 days and early 16 days of berry expansion stage determined the final fruit size. The moderate water stress from the late grapevine extension to the early berry expansion stage followed with sufficient water supply resulted in distinct water compensation effects on fruit expansion rate during the early expansion stage and the rate reduced again in the mid and late berry expansion stages. Leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll contents had significantly positive effects on initial grape fruit enlargement rate from the late grapevine extension stage to the early berry expansion stage.

Abstract:【Objective】To evaluate the differences of drought resistance of three zoysiagarasses， Zoysia japonica， and their new strains induced by ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation. 【Method】Three zoysiagrasses including Lanyin No.Ⅲ (LY), ZS-1 (ZS) and ZS-SJZ (ZSS), and their six new strains were cultivated in pots under the drought stress condition. The relative water content, relative electrical conductivity, proline content and total soluble sugar content of leaves were measured on the 3rd, 9th and 15th day after the drought stress treatment. The turfgrass coverage and color were observed and evaluated during the drought stress.【Result and conclusion】With the increase of drought stress, the relative water content of leaves decreased gradually and turfgrass coverage and color scores also reduced, whereas the proline content, total soluble sugar content and relative electrical conductivity of leaves had an upward trend. Through the comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance with subordinate function weights coefficient of standard deviation，the drought resistance ability ranks of the tested materials were as follows: ZSS-5>ZS-3>LY>LY-2>ZS>ZS-4>LY-1>ZSS-6>ZSS, which demonstrated that the drought resistance abilities of new strains ZSS-5, ZSS-6 and ZS-3 were stronger than those of their parents. The radiation breeding is an effective way to breed new drought-resistant zoysiagrass varieties.

Abstract:【Objective】 To establish the kinetics model of potassium（K） release of activated insoluble potassium ores and provide the scientific evidence for reasonable evaluation and highly efficient utilization of activated insoluble potassium ores.【Method】The insoluble potassium ores (potash feldspar、K-shale) were activated by the activator which was successively extracted through cation solution(NH₄⁺,Na⁺) to study the effects of cation solution on K dynamic release of activated potassium ores and the kinetic model of K release. 【Result and conclusion】The results showed that there were two stages of the K release of activated potassium ores including quick release at the initial stage and slow release at the final stage. The capability of different extraction solution to release initial K from potash feldspar and activated forms was in order of NH₄Cl>NaCl>H₂O, while the K accumulative release amount was in order of NaCl > NH₄Cl≈H₂O. The total K release amount of K-shale and activated K-shale was in order of H₂O>NaCl>NH₄Cl. The first order equation, power function, parabolic diffusion equation and Elovich equation were used to describe the K release of insoluble potassium ores. The Elovich equation or power function was the best model to describe the K release of potash feldspar and activated potash feldspar, and the Elovich equation was the best model for K-shale and activated K-shale. The K release models with successive extraction of NH₄Cl were better than those of NaCl. However, the effects of two extraction solutions had no significant difference when using the first order equation to describe the K release of activated potash feldspar. The initial release rate, mean release rate and maximum balanced release amount of K from activated potassium ores increased significantly. The increase of initial release rate was the main reason of the increase of the maximum balanced release amount.

Abstract:【Objective】Different phosphorus（P）fertilizer rates were applied to clarify the effect of P fertilizer on proline biosynthesis and accumulation and drought-resistance in sugarcane.【Method】Sugarcane variety YT-55 was used as the plant material for barrel experiment. Under the normal and drought conditions, four P levels were designed. The physiological and biochemical indexes such as the expressions of P5CS and δ-OAT genes, enzyme activities and the contents of free proline and chlorophyll were determined.【Result and conclusion】The expressions of P5CS and δ-OAT genes,enzyme activities and the free proline content were affected by the ratios of N, P and K fertilizers under the normal and drought conditions. When the P level was 900 kg·hm^-2, both P5CS and δ-OAT activities were relatively low, and the free proline content was the lowest in the plants under the normal water condition. The P5CS activity was the highest; the δ-OAT activity was also at a high level; and the free proline content was up to the maximum amount under drought stress. Based on the results, the optimum levels of N, P and K fertilizers are 918 kg·hm^-2 urea, 900 kg·hm^-2 calcium superphosphate and 750 kg·hm^-2 potassium chloride in Zhanjiang lateritic soil. The results of correlation, partial correlation and path analysis indicated that the P5CS was more effective than δ-OAT in free proline biosynthesis and accumulation of sugarcane under drought stress. The main pathway of free proline biosynthesis and accumulation is glutamic acid pathway (Glu→Pro) supplemented by ornithine pathway (Orn→ Pro) under drought stress.

Abstract:【Objective】 To analyze the major components and cluster features of alkaloids, which are secreted by vemon gland of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, from China and USA.【Method】 Twenty four colonies of S. invicta were collected from Guangzhou, Huizhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan of China and Alabama of USA. Alkaloids of vemon gland were extracted. Two data matrix were established with variable of relative contents of 15 kinds of cis-alkaloids and 7 kinds of trans-alkaloid respectively. The alkaloid fraction was analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Result and conclusion】The results showed that the 15 types of alkaloids from the cis-alkaloid fraction were consolidated into two principal components, including cis-2-methyl-6-(4′-tridecenyl)piperidine, 2-methyl-6-(6′-pentadecenyl)-Δ¹,⁶-piperidine, 2-methyl-6-pentadecyl-Δ¹,⁶-piperidine and cis-2-methyl-6-undecylpiperidine seven types of alkaloids from the trans-alkaloid fraction were consolidated into one principal component, including trans-2-methyl-6-(4′-tridecenyl)piperidine and trans-2-methyl-6-(6′-pentadecenyl)piperidine. The results of cluster analyses demonstrate that alkaloids from the cis-alkaloid fraction can distinguish the USA populations from the Chinese populations, but alkaloids from the trans-alkaloid fraction can not.

Abstract:【Objective】 To clarify the pathogenicity differences of Rhizoctonia spp. strains isolated from different crop hosts. 【Method】 Twenty R. solani strains were isolated from rice, maize and wheat plants respectively. Their cross-pathogenicities of R. cerealis to rice, maize and wheat were determined by artificial inoculation. 【Result and conclusion】 Each isolate of R. solani and R. cerealis was able to infect these three crops, but the virulences on different crops were quite different. It showed stronger virulence on the original host, while weaker virulence on other hosts. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the prevention of cross-infection of different plant pathogens in the crop rotation and intercropping processes.

Abstract:【Objective】 Cotton Leaf Curl Multan Virus (CLCuMV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of Malvaceae plants. The purpose of this study is to establish an accurate detection method for CLCuMV，which can provide a technological means to study propagation dynamics of viruse in host plants, virus generation cycle inside vector insect, and interaction mechanisms among virus, plant and vector. 【Method】 The SYBR Green I real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was adopted using CLCuMV-plasmid as template and the standard curve was established. In accordance with the standard curve, the CLCuMV contents in leaves of Hibiscus rose-sinensis and vector bodies of Benisia tabaci were calculated. 【Result and conclusion】 The detection sensitivity was as low as 5.2×10¹μL^-1 of CLCuMV,which was 10 times as sensitive as conventional PCR. It can be applied to quantitatively detect CLCuMV in host plants and vector insects.

Abstract:【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on Catalpa bungei seedling biomass allocation and nutrient use efficiency. 【Method】 Biennial C. bungei seedling clone 1-4 was selected as experimental material, twelve different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization treatments were set, and the growth biomass and nutrient use efficiency were determined.【Result and conclusion】 Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization had a significant effect on the biomass accumulation and allocation; treatment 10 (12 g·plant^-1 urea,12 g·plant^-1 calcium magnesium phosphate, 12 g·plant^-1 potassium sulfate) had the maximum total biomass［(331.05±5.21) g·plant^-1］, three times of no fertilization（CK）and two times of single nitrogen fertilization of 12 g·plant^-1 (CK₁₂). When fertilization of N and K was fixed, the proportion of seedling root biomass initially increased, then decreased with increasing P fertilization,and the maximum value appeared when 12 g·plant^-1 P fertilization was set. Different treatments had a significant effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of seedling. Treatment 10 was the maximum in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents ［ (5.32±0.17),(0.84±0.07) and (4.89±0.11) g·plant^-1］，which were 5, 6 and 8 times of CK respectively. The maximum nitrogen fertilization efficiency was treatment 10,(57.11±0.94) g·g^-1. Based on comprehensive analyses, the appropriate proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization can increase biomass and improve nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and nitrogen use efficiency of C. bungei seedling. Furthermore, potassium significantly affects the root biomass accumulation.

Abstract:【Objective】 The water consumption characteristics and their differences were estimated under different soil water conditions to provide a guidance for culturing effectively seedlings.【Method】The diurnal variation of water consumption (WC) and water consumption rate (WCR) of two kinds of Eucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis (DH33-27 and DH32-29) and E. grandis (H1) clonal seedlings in different soil moisture contents were measured using pot experiment, and the water use efficiency (WUE) was measured using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis analysis system， respectively. 【Result and conclusion】The results showed that E. urophylla×E. grandis DH33-27 seedlings had the highest WC，(162.56±8.71) g·plant^-1， among these three Eucalyptus seedlings. When subjected to serious drought, its WC value decreased to （10.83±1.01） g·plant^-1 which was the lowest. The similar variation trends of the WCR and WC were found: Two E. urophylla×E. grandis seedlings had high value under sufficient moisture and then decreased sharply under drought stress, but the average WCR of E. grandis still remained high. The diurnal change of WCR of these three Eucalyptus seedlings all followed the curve with one peak in different periods. The order of WUE of these three Eucalyptus seedlings was as follows: E. urophylla×E. grandis DH33-27> E. urophylla×E. grandis DH32-29> E. grandis. In conclusion, compared with E. urophylla×E. grandis DH32-29 and E. grandis, E. urophylla×E. grandis DH33-27 has higher photosynthesis and WUE, which is recommended to plant widely in both humid and arid regions.

Abstract:【Objective】 This study aimed to clarify the relationship between structural characteristic and accumulation of medicinal component in vegetative organs and establish a theoretical foundation for the effective utilization of Mycporum bontioides. 【Method】Plant anatomy and histochemical localization methods were used to study the anatomical structure and accumulation of the main effective components in vegetative organs of M. bontioides. 【Result and conclusion】There were secretory cavities in stems and leaves of M. bontioides, but not in roots. The essential oil was mainly stored in the secretory cavities of stems and leaves, and their surrounding parenchymal cells were involved in the synthesis of essential oil. However, oil was not obvious in roots. The flavonoids were mainly found in the parenchymal cells of roots, stems and leaves. According to their different value, stems and leaves could be used as flavonoids and essential oil extraction for botanical pesticide, while roots, stems and leaves could be used for flavonoids extraction.

Abstract:【Objective】The purpose of this study was to analyze mangrove degradation in some coastlands of southern China. 【Method】 Mangrove of Dongzhaigang Harbor in Hainan Province was investigated as a case study. Landscape pattern dynamics of mangrove wetland from 1987 to 2013 were analyzed at Dongzhaigang Harbor by interpreting five phase remote sensing images. The degradation characteristics of mangrove forest and its spatial patterns were also further studied using SPOT5 and aerial imagery. Furthermore, the influencing factors of mangrove degradation such as topographical factors and terrestrial contaminant loading were analyzed by surveying numerous sampling plots. 【Result and conclusion】 It was found that mangrove area decreased from 1 709.4 hm² in 1999 to 1 679.5 hm² in 2013, while the area of ponds in the 2 km coastal buffers increased from 59.1 hm² in 1987 to 1 986.9 hm² in 2013. The dead area of mangrove patches had reached 4 hm² by the end of 2013. Spatially, mangrove degradation mainly located in low-lying land and both sides of contaminant transport channels. The degradation degree of River-type mangrove communities was the most serious, whose major distribution was in the middle and lower reaches of Yanfengdong River. Meanwhile, the degraded mangrove communities also distributed sporadically in frontier areas of Dongzhaigang Harbor. The degradation degree was higher for mangrove communities in the climax stage of succession. The distribution of degraded mangrove communities was mainly determined by terrestrial pollutant loading.

Abstract:【Objective】To meet the requirements of precision fertilizer apparatus’s real-time variable additional fertilizer in the process of rice and wheat growth. 【Method】A new type of shaft segmentation variable fertilizer applicator’s actuator was designed, whose overall structures of variable fertilization executing agencies and field theory was described.The structure and parameters of its key components were analyzed and identified. A fertilizer discharge performance test and field additional fertilizer tests were carried out with nitrogen fertilizer. 【Result and conclusion】 The precision fertilizer applicator actuator could realize double regulation of slot wheel speed and jaw opening of conventional grooved wheel fertilizer discharge apparatus. The control accuracy of the overall system exceeded 90%. Fertilizer quantity adjusted dynamically in real time was helpful for managing and using fertilizer sufficiently. The precision fertilizer applicator actuator can achieve acute additional fertilizer in precise agriculture and realize the design requirements.