行政统合、政绩目标异化与基层治理结构转型
Policy and institutional reform, county-level administrative integration and transformation of grassroots governance structure
投稿时间:2024-03-05  修订日期:2024-07-25
DOI:
中文关键词:  基层治理  国家治理  县域体制  国家权力
英文关键词:grassroots governance  national governance  county system  State
基金项目:国家社会科学基金西部项目“县域治理现代化视域下条块‘统合—协同’机制研究”(编号:23XZZ003)
作者单位邮编
吴春来* 西北农林科技大学 712100
包智俊 西北农林科技大学 
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中文摘要:
      国家战略目标和政策资源输入,成为促进基层治理结构转型的重要力量。而基层(县域)体制的能动性使得国家权力在基层的作用发生转向。因而需要分析国家权力下沉和基层体制能动性之间的关联,如何塑造强国家时代基层治理的转型。在基层,县域政策资源统合、政绩目标导向更为突出,并辅之以县域整体性的行政机制来推进政策落地。在此背景下,基层治理结构呈现出:一是县域体制主导基层治理体系的核心地位进一步强化,县乡村层级一体化,基层体制支配乡村社会的能力增强;二是治理规则和治理方式趋于行政化,科层主导的项目资源分配超脱于乡村社会层面,基层社会治理呈现出去公共性、弱社会动员、泛体制化等特征。国家推进涉农战略落地强化了农民政治认同和绩效合法性,但是从基层来看,项目资源输入被县域体制承接和转化,使其并不能够有效渗透和建构新的基层社会利益结构,也难以激活基层社会层面的政治参与、村民自治和公共治理,因而基层治理结构进一步体制化,国家涉农政策的绩效合法性也随之受到影响。
英文摘要:
      The input of national strategic objectives and policy resources has become an important force to promote the transformation of grassroots governance structure. The dynamism of the grassroots (county) system has shifted the role of state power at the grassroots level. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between the sinking of state power and the initiative of grassroots institutions, and how to shape the transformation of grassroots governance in the era of strong state. At the grassroots level, the integration of county policy resources and the orientation of political performance goals are more prominent, supplemented by the overall administrative mechanism of the county to promote the implementation of policies. In this context, the grassroots governance structure presents: first, the core position of the county-level system leading the grass-roots governance system is further strengthened, the county and rural levels are integrated, and the ability of the grass-roots system to dominate the rural society is enhanced; Second, the governance rules and governance methods tend to be administrative, the allocation of project resources led by the section level is beyond the rural social level, and the grassroots social governance presents the characteristics of depublicization, weak social mobilization, and pan-institutionalization. However, from the perspective of the grassroots level, the input of project resources is undertaken and transformed by the county system, which makes it unable to effectively penetrate and construct a new grassroots social interest structure, and it is difficult to activate the political participation, villager autonomy and public governance at the grassroots level, so the grassroots governance structure is further institutionalized, and the performance legitimacy of the national agriculture-related policy is also affected.
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