The interest compensation mechanism for major grain-producing areas is an important point to ensure national food security.It is the key to improve the interest compensation mechanism to clarify the influencing factors of the satisfaction degree of interest compensation of major grain-producing areas.This paper is based on 283 field survey data of farmers in 11 major grain producing areas (counties) in Anhui Province, Based on the perspective of intergenerational differences, the Ologit model is used to carry out comparative analysis from the dimensions of individual characteristics, family characteristics and external factors of farmers. The research shows that the satisfaction degree of benefit compensation of the new generation of farmers is slightly higher than that of the old generation. and the individual characteristics, family characteristics and external factors of farmers have significant impact on the satisfaction degree of interest compensation, and there are intergenerational differences. Under the individual characteristics, what kind of occupation, age and time of grain planting are the main factors that affect the new generation and the old generation; In the family characteristics, the income of farming and working mainly affects the satisfaction of two generations of farmers' benefit compensation; Among the external factors, the price of agricultural materials, technical guidance and irrigation and water conservancy have the same impact on the two generations of farmers, while the impact of ecological environment on the two generations of farmers is totally different, which has a greater impact on the new generation.