熟人社会的空间秩序
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南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

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国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国马克思主义社会学的理论创新和意识形态建设研究”(18ZDA163);天津市社科规划青年项目“老年人精神福利的村庄社会基础研究”(TJSRQN19-001 )


The spatial Order of Acquaintance Society
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Huazhong university of science and technology of China''s rural governance research center

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    摘要:

    不同于熟人社会研究的关系取向,文章基于南方农村的祠堂、阳宅、庙宇、阴宅等空间要素,通过建构村落空间图式阐释村落熟人社会的空间秩序。“祠堂—阳宅”的空间图式定义了农民自然生命升华为道德生命的日常生活脉络,“庙宇—阴宅”的空间图式定义了农民应对日常生活断裂和危机的宗教生活模式,二者交织构成村落演化的基本空间格局。基于村落空间图式,“风水”的空间实践促进了村庄社会与村落空间的互动,塑造了自然空间、社会空间和信仰空间统一的立体结构,彰显了村落空间的社会包容性和意义纵深性。以此为基础,村落空间的“吸纳—整合”机制与“渗透—规训”机制塑造了村落公共性,促进了熟人社会秩序再生产。然而,国家、市场等现代性力量深刻推动了村落空间转型,抽离了村落空间演化的历史底蕴。风水实践逐渐异化为空间政治,导致村落空间结构破裂与熟人社会秩序紊乱。立足村庄社会的空间治理是突破村庄空间利益困局,助推乡村振兴的重要方式。

    Abstract:

    Different from the relationship orientation of acquaintances' social research, this paper interprets the spatial order of acquaintances' social order in villages by constructing village spatial schema based on ancestral halls, mansions, temples, ghost houses and other spatial elements in southern rural areas. The spatial schema of "ancestral hall -- family residence" defines the daily life path of peasants from natural life to moral life, while the spatial schema of "temple -- grave" defines the religious life mode of peasants to cope with the rupture of daily life. The two interweave to form the basic spatial pattern of village evolution. According to the village spatial schema, the spatial practice of "feng Shui" promotes the interaction between village society and village space, shapes the three-dimensional structure of the unity of natural space, social space and belief space, and highlights the social inclusion and significance depth of village space. On this basis, the "assimilation-integration" mechanism and "permeation-discipline" mechanism of village space shape the village publicity and promote the reproduction of social order of acquaintances. However, the modern power of the state and the market has profoundly promoted the spatial transformation of villages and removed the historical background of the spatial evolution of villages. The practice of feng Shui is gradually alienated into space politics, which leads to the breakdown of village space structure and the disorder of acquaintances' social order. Spatial governance based on village society is an important way to break through the dilemma of village spatial interests and boost the rural revitalization.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-01
  • 最后修改日期:2020-08-05
  • 录用日期:2020-09-04
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