Genetically modified agricultural products have on one side enriched the agriculture with advanced technology, which generates higher yields, productivity and economic profit; on the other side, they have brought substantial crash to the traditional agriculture, which might result in destructive damage to food safety, animal welfare and ecological environment. Nations, as the key elements of international law, aim for maximum profits in games of genetically modified agricultural products and thus have shaped related international regulations. Based on Game Theory, this thesis links the game models with the analysis of strategy option and the agreed treaties in realistic perspective, and discovers how nations undertake cooperation in game playing, which finally improves the international legal regime on the balance of the trade of genetically modified agricultural products and the protection on food safety, animal welfare and ecological environment in normative perspective.