Based on panel data of 1,486 counties nationwide from 2010-2019, the impact of rural collective property rights system reform on the urban-rural income gap in counties is examined using a multi-temporal double difference model with a quasi-natural experiment based on the exogenous policy of rural collective property rights system reform pilot. The results show that, on a national scale, the reform of the rural collective property rights system also has a significant convergence effect on the urban-rural income gap in counties based on raising the income level of rural residents; the results further strengthen the above findings based on various methods of robustness testing such as the PSM-DID model, taking into account issues such as model applicability, omitted variables, and sample self-selection; the reform of the rural collective property rights system The convergence effect on the urban-rural income gap in counties is more pronounced in the east, in counties with better financing environments and higher levels of financial resources; the mechanism analysis finds that promoting rural economic growth and accelerating the urbanization process are important channels through which the reform of the rural collective property rights system works to narrow the urban-rural income gap in counties.