As a critical initiative in reconstructing village governance, the theoretical underpinnings and efficiency of the new rich-led governance require thorough examination. Our research reveals that within the context of local industrial economic development, the emergence of "middle groups," the dismantling of village factional politics, and the intentions of higher-level organizations, the new rich have risen as representatives of public will. Through the "relationship-interest-order" reproduction mechanism, they mitigate village social differentiation, enrich public governance resources, and construct governance rules, thereby fostering the establishment of village emotional, interest, and governance communities. In contrast to traditional rich-led village governance, the new rich-led model centers on the middle group as the primary governance entity, breaking the deadlock of factional monopolies and elite capture. With transparency at its core, it revitalizes internal governance structures; based on multi-dimensional community integration, it achieves an organic connection between national policies and village needs. The governance by the new rich not only enhances village governance efficiency but also advances the development of endogenous public politics, offering a novel perspective and pathway for rural governance modernization.