The neo-endogenous development is an important path for the revitalization of rural culture, and the cultural subjectivity of farmers constitute the key to the neo-endogenous development of rural culture. This study constructs an analytical framework for neo-endogenous rural cultural development grounded in farmers′ cultural subjectivity, with empirical analysis focusing on local practice. The investigation elucidates the operational modalities and intrinsic mechanisms underlying neo-endogenous cultural development. The neo-endogenous development of rural culture manifests through two distinct modalities: order-oriented cultural subjectivity that institutionalizes communal norms, and industry-driven cultural subjectivity that catalyzes cultural industries, with both modalities achieving synergistic convergence through dynamic interaction. The neo-endogenous development of rural culture constitutes a spiral progression of ″external activation-internal transformation-organic circulation″, whereby Party-government embeddedness activates village autonomy through demand resonance, network restructuring, and project-based incentives, while highly autonomous village organizations leverage embedded institutional elements to operationalize institutional empowerment and organizational capacity-building, thereby converting collective action capabilities into farmers′ cultural subjectivity.