A new species Tubercularia paeonicola Xiang et Chi sp. nov. parasitic on Paeoniasuffruticosa collected from Gueiyan,Gueizhow has been identified. Tuberculariapaeonicola shows certain similarities to T.phyllophila Sydow but it differs fromthis species not only in pathogenicity but also in morphology. The new speciesis easily distinguished from the latter by its acrogenous, curved conidia andbigger sporodochia. T.paeonicola sp. nov. is the first record of a Tuberculariaparasitizing on the family Paeoniaceae.Latin and Chinese diagnoses for the new species are given.Type specimen of the new species is deposited in South China AgriculturalUniversity, Guangzhow, Guangdong, China.