粤北作物生产潜势的分析
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ANALYSIS OP CROP PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF NORTHERN GUANGDONG
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    摘要:

    本文在分析粤北自然条件和农业生产主要特点基础上,运用光能利用测算原理,热潜势测定方法,侧算分析了八种主要作物及其相应熟制的生产潜势,剖析了水肥转化效率。潜势分析表明:水稻和甘蔗(主要在本区南部)光能利用率高,热潜势利用率大,是当地的优势作物;花生、番薯、大豆光热潜势利用偏低,有待提高;油菜、小麦尚待克服当地限制因素,潜势始能发挥。双季稻一年二熟或与油菜、小麦组成的一年三熟是当地当前的高产熟制。并就充分利用粤北光热水肥资源提出了建议。

    Abstract:

    The northern part of Guangdong Province is located in the transition zone of the southern,and mid-subtropics.There are 3.68 million mu(1mu=1/15 hect.)of cultivated land in this area which is high in light energy,rich in rainfall,very mountainous and hilly and sparsely populated.It is a region with high potential for development.After analysis of the characteristics of the natural conditions and agricultural production in Northern Guangdong,we evatlued the ipoten al of eight main crops and subtropical pattrn of multicropping.This paper indicates that:(1)The utilization of light energy and thermal potential of rice and sugar cane(in the southern part of Northern Guangdong)is high.They are the local dominant crop(2)The multicropping system consist of early rice with late rice,peanut,sweet potatoe corn etc.and sugar cane continuous cropping.The double cropping and triple cropping in paddy field is high yielding in Northern Guangdong.Important factors having marked influence upon the potential in farm land production are as follows:(1)Low temprature in the earlyspring have an effect on rape and wheat.(2)"August drought" and "September-October 'Han Lu' wind" have an effect on late rice and autumn cropping.(3)Luck of agtoecological view point,and neglect in integrating economic,(?)and eco logical benefits.(4)Low land utilization rate(5)Low sequential cropping index.(6)Lack of organic fertllizeand bliad application of fertilizer.The Key measures for exploiting crop production potential are the following:(1)To construct fields resistance to drought and wind.(2)To design multicropping tem revolving around inert ase in rice yield.(3)To establish a high yielding plant population in the field.(4)To adopt scientific diagnosis when applying fertilizer.(5)To improve the soil fertility level by application of organic and inorganic fertilizers.(6)To select good varieties.

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吴乐民 温演望.粤北作物生产潜势的分析[J].华南农业大学学报,1989,(4):19-28

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