In this experiment the blood protein polymorphisms in four lines of Yuehuang chicken and Shiqiza and Xinghua chicken were determined with cellulose acetate membrance electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and changes in polymorphic gene frequencies, on which the similarity coefficients and Nei's standard genetic distances among the above 6 populations and average heterozygosity per population were calculated, were studied. Systematic cluster analysis and principle component analysis were also carried out based on the gene frequencies of polymorphic loci respectively. The results showed that most of gene frequencies in the determined protein loci were nearly the same and some of them were different among the four Yuehuang lines, and that similarity coefficients and genetic distances between 6 populations suggested the differences among the Yuehuang lines were consistent with the target of breeding. Systematic cluster analysis indicated that the four Yuehuang lines had a close relationship with Shiqiza chicken and a relatively remote relationship with Xinahua chicken. In the other hand, principle component analysis showed that Yuehuang chicken had already differentiated from Shiqiza chicken and that there was difference between Yuehuang chicken and Xinghua chicken. The inconsistency of the two analysis methods needed to be studied further. In addition, the average heterozygosity per population probably showed the degree of selection that each line had been subjected to.