An experimental study was conducted to explore the effect of supercritical extraction conditions on the extraction rate of deer oil. Deer venison was used as raw material in this study. The extraction pressure, extraction temperature, and extraction time on the yields were studied by single factor experiments and orthogonal tests. The results showed that the highest extraction rate could be reached at an extraction temperature of 45 ℃, under an extraction pressure of 40 MPa, and the extraction time was 150 min. After the measuration of physical and chemical property indicators of the deer oil and the analysis of the composition of the fatty acid, it was found that the deer oil acquired through supercritical extraction had a good color and low acid value and contained a variety of fatty acids, of which the total unsaturated acids reached 41.94%.