吉林省临江硅藻土及其尾矿对钾的吸附性能
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“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC09B01)


Potassium adsorption properties of diatomite and tailings from Linjiang, Jilin Province
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    【目的】揭示吉林省临江硅藻土及其尾矿对钾的吸附性能,为开发和利用硅藻土尾矿作为土壤钾肥肥力调控物质提供理论依据。【方法】以临江优质硅藻土原矿及尾矿为研究对象,在对其化学组成和矿物组成进行分析的基础上,采用静态平衡吸附法研究了优质硅藻土及其尾矿对K+ 的吸附、解吸特性。【结果】硅藻土尾矿与优质硅藻土相比,SiO2 质量分数有较大差异,分别为78.57%和89.29%;两者的矿质组成均以非晶质蛋白石为主,同时尾矿比优质硅藻土含有更多的石英、高岭石、云母及有机质等杂质;优质硅藻土及其尾矿对K+ 的动力学吸附均符合伪二阶动力学模型;对K+ 的热力学吸附均整体符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,吸附反应容易进行;对K+ 的解吸均符合Elovich方程;2种硅藻土解吸过程达到平衡之前,K+ 的解吸率与反应时间的对数(lnt)均存在良好的线性关系。【结论】硅藻土尾矿的矿物组成以非晶质蛋白石为主,对钾具有一定的吸附解吸能力。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】To reveal the potassium (K+) adsorption properties of diatomite and tailings from Linjiang, Jilin Province, and provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of diatomite and tailings as soil K+ regulation materials. 【Method】High quality diatomite raw ore and tailings were collected in Linjiang, their chemical and mineral compositions were analyzed, and their K+ adsorption and desorption characteristics were studied by static equilibrium adsorption method.【Result】The high quality diatomite and tailings were considerably different in their SiO2 contents which were 78.57% and 89.29% respectively. Both were mainly composed of amorphous opal, yet only tailings contain some impurities such as quartz, kaolinite, mica and organic matter. The kinetic adsorptions of K+ by both high quality diatomite and its tailings were in accordance with pseudo two order kinetics model. The thermodynamic adsorptions of K+ by both were consistent with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation, and the adsorption reactions were easy to carry out. The K+ desorptions by both were consistent with the Elovich equation. The K+ desorption rates and the logarithmic values of reaction time (Lnt) were well linearly correlated before the desorption process reached equilibrium for both the high quality diatomite and tailings. 【Conclusion】 Diatomite tailings are mainly composed of amorphous opal, and has certain capacity of K+ adsorption and desorption.

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高将,赵兰坡,荣立杰,姜亦梅,刘胜楠,李昕.吉林省临江硅藻土及其尾矿对钾的吸附性能[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(5):50-56

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-07-25